Esperanto/Appendix/English-Esperanto word list

Key

In the Part of speech column there will be a letter indicating how the word is to be used. Here is a key, listing the abbreviations and explaining what these stand for:

adj = adjective - describes an object (e.g. The key was green, The idea is disturbing.)

adv = adverb - describes how a verb is done (e.g. I ran quickly, She easily passed the test.)

conj = conjunction - connects two words, clauses or phrase together (e.g. life or death, I would vote for my gerbil but I'm sane.)

exp = expression

int = interjection - used to convey emotion, not related to any other part of speech (e.g. Ow!, Hooray!)

n = noun - an object (e.g. dog, chair.)

num = number (e.g. Four, One.)

prep = preposition - the location of the object, relative to something else (e.g. Smoke over water, the ball is on the table.)

pron = pronoun - One of: I, You, She, He, They, We, It or One.

v = verb - an action, one which can be used both transitively and intransitively(e.g. We celebrated, we celebrated the party.)

vi = intransitive verb - verbs which can only be done without objects (e.g. Trees rustled, he died.)

vt - transitive verb - verbs which must be applied to an object (e.g. I killed him, I am a hamster.)

Word list

A

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes
(to be) able	v	povi
about	prep	pri	eo: Ĉi tio libro estas pri Esperanto. en: This book is about Esperanto.
above	prep	super
absolutely	adv	absolute
accent	n	akcento		This refers to accent as in "word stress".
accept	v	akcepti
accident	n	akcidento
according to	prep	laŭ
acquire	vt	gajni
across	prep	trans
across from	prep	kontraŭ
act, action	n	ago
act, take action	vi	agi
adjective	n	adjektivo
admirable	adj	admirinda
admire	vt	admiri
adverb	n	adverbo
aeroplane	n	aeroplano
age	n	aĝo
agree	vi	akordi
aim	vt	celi	eo: Ni celas skribi la plej kompleta libro pri Esperanto. en: We aim to write the most complete book about Esperanto.
air	n	aero
airplane	n	aeroplano
airport	n	flughaveno
all		ĉiuj	eo: Ĉiuj hundoj bojas. en: All dogs bark. (Lit: Every dog barks.)
all		ĉia	eo: Ĉia hundo bojas. en: All dogs bark. (Lit: Every kind of dog barks.)
all		ĉio	eo: Ĉio finiĝas. en: All things pass. (Lit: Everything comes to an end.)
all		ĉiom	eo: Mi manĝis ĉiom. en: I ate all. (Lit: I ate all of it.)
allow	vt	permesi
almost	adv	preskaŭ
alone	adj	sola
along	prep	laŭ
also	adv	ankaŭ
although	conj	kvankam
always		ĉiam
and	conj	kaj
animal	n	besto
any		iu	eo: Se iu enirus, malbenus. en: Any who enter are cursed. (Lit: If somebody would enter, they would be cursed.)	By itself iu could mean "anyone" or "someone unknown". The particle ajn specifies anyone.
any		iu ajn	eo: Se iu ajn enirus, malbenus. en: Any who enter are cursed. (Lit: If anybody would enter, they would be cursed.)	The ajn specifies generality, stressing anyone.
anybody		iu	eo: Se iu enirus, malbenus. en: Any who enter are cursed. (Lit: If somebody would enter, they would be cursed.)	By itself iu could mean "anyone" or "someone unknown". The particle ajn specifies anyone.
anybody		iu ajn	eo: Se iu ajn enirus, malbenus. en: Any who enter are cursed. (Lit: If anybody would enter, they would be cursed.)	The ajn specifies generality, stressing anyone.
anyway		iel
anywhere		ie
apart from	prep	krom
appear	vt	ŝajni	eo: Ĉi tio ŝajnas esti shopita. en: This looks shopped. (Lit: This appears to be shopped.)
approximately	adv	ĉirkaŭ
April	n	aprilo
arm	n	brako
around	adv	ĉirkaŭ
as		kiel
as if	adv-conj	kvazaŭ
as regards	prep	je
ask	vt	demandi		Refers to asking something (a question).
ask	vt	peti		Refers to asking for something (a request).
at	prep	ĉe
August	n	aŭgusto
autumn	n	aŭtuno
available	adj	havebla
away	adv	for

B

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
ball	n	pilko	Refers to a ball for playing with, not a dance ball.
ball	n	balo	Refers to a ball as meaning a dance event.
bathe	vi	bani
bathroom	n	banĉambro, banejo
beach	n	plaĝo
beautiful	adj	bela
because	conj	ĉar
because (of)	prep	pro
bed	n	lito	This means "a bed for sleeping"
bed	n	bedo	This means "a bed for planting" flowers or vegetables
bed	n	fundo	"Bed" as in "lake bed", "river bed" or "sea bed"
beer	n	biero
begin	vt	komenci
beginning	n	eko
behind	prep	post
believe	vt	kredi
beneath	prep	sub
beside	prep	apud	This means to be literally beside, or next to, something.
besides	adv	cetere	Meaning "as for the rest", "moreover" or "what's more".
besides	prep	krom	This means "apart from", "other than" or "except".
beyond	prep	preter
bicycle	n	biciklo
bird	n	birdo
blue	adj	blua
book	n	libro
boy	n	knabo
bread	n	pano
bright	adj	bela	Refers to "not dark", not "intelligent".
bright	adj	inteligenta	In the sense of "intelligent".
brother	n	frato
brown	adj	bruna
build	vt	konstrui
bus	n	aŭtobuso, buso
but	conj	sed
buy	vt	aĉeti
by	prep	ĉe	This refers to proximity, as in "stand by the door".
by	prep	per	This refers to method, as in "navigate by smell".
by	prep	pro	This refers to reason, as in "ruler by descent".
bye		ĝis, adiaŭ

C

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
cake	n	kuko
call	vt	voki	This means "to summon", not "to name".
calm	adj	trankvila
car	n	aŭto
care (for)	vt	zorgi	This means "to watch over", not "to be interested in" or "to prefer".
careful	adj	atenta
cat	n	kato
cause	n	kaŭzo
cause	vt	igi, kaŭzi
celebrate	v	festi
center	n	centro
centre	n	centro
certain	adj	certa
certainly	adv	certe
chair	n	seĝo
change	vt	ŝanĝi
cheese	n	fromaĝo
child	n	ido	Specifically refers to "offspring".
child	n	infano	Specifically refers to "infant".
chocolate	n	ĉokolado
circle	n	cirklo, rondo
close	adj	close	This means "near", not "not open".
close	v	fermi	This means "not open", not "near".
cold	adj	frida
color	n	koloro
colour	n	koloro
come	v	veni
come (from)	vt	deveni
comfortable	adj	komforta
common	adj	komuna	This means "usual", not "frequent".
common	adj	ofta	This means "frequent", not "usual".
communicate	vi	komuniki
concerning	prep	pri
continue	vi	daŭri, kontinui
cook	v	kuiri
correct	adj	korekta, ĝusta	This means "technically right", not "morally right".
correct	adj	prava	This means "morally right", not "technically right".
country	n	lando	This means "nation", not "not city".
course	n	kurejo	This refers to race courses, or tracks.
course	n	kurso	This refers to lesson courses, or classes in school.
course	n	plado	This refers to meal courses.
cut	vt	tranĉi

D

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
day	n	tago
December	n	decembro
decide	vt	decidi
depend	vt	dependi
dictionary	n	vortario
direction	n	direkto
do	vt	fari
doctor	n	doktoro, doktorino (f)
dog	n	hundo
door	n	pordo
drink	n	trinkaĵo	If you want to refer to an alcoholic drink specifically, you can use drinkaĵo.
drink	vt	trinki	If you want to refer to drinking alcohol specifically, you can use drinki.
during	conj-prep	dum

E

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes
each		ĉiu
ear	n	orelo
easily	adv	facile
easy	adj	facila
eight	num	ok
English	adj	angla	eo: La angla lingvo. en: The English language.	You often see angla by itself to refer to the English language.
entire	adj	tuta
equal	adj	egala
even	adv	eĉ
evening	n	vespero
ever		iam	eo: Ĉu li iam lernos? en: Will he ever learn? (Lit: Whether he ever will learn?)
every	adj	ĉia	eo: Ĉia hundo bojas. en: All dogs bark. (Lit: Every kind of dog barks.)	Specifically means every kind or type.
every		ĉiu	eo: Ĉiu hundo bojas. en: All dogs bark. (Lit: Every dog barks.)	Specifically means every instance or member (of some group).
everyone		ĉiu
everyone's		ĉies
everything		ĉio
everywhere		ĉie
example	n	ekzemplo
excuse	vt	pardoni	eo: Pardonu min. en: Pardon me.
exercise	n	ekzerco		Refers to a practice exercise, not a muscle-building one.
explain	vt	ekspliki
extremely	adv	ege
eye	n	oklo

F

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes
face	n	vizaĝo
fall	n	aŭtuno
fall	vi	fali
family	n	familio
far	adv	for
farewell		adiaŭ
fast	adj	rapida
father	n	patro
fear	vt	timi
February	n	februaro
feel	vt	senti
female	adj	ina
female	n	ino
feminine	adj	ina
finger	n	fingro
finish	vt	fini
fire	n	fajro
first	adj	unua
fish	n	fiŝo
five	num	kvin
flower	n	floro
fly	vi	flugi
follow	vt	sekvi
foot	n	piedo
for	conj-prep	dum	eo: Mi studis dum kvar jaroj. en: I studied for (during) four years.	Means "for" as in a duration of time.
for	prep	por	eo: Mi studis por la titolo. en: I studied for the degree.	Means "for" as in "in order to".
for some reason		ial
forget	vt	forgesi
forgive	vt	pardoni
four	num	kvar
free	adj	libera		Free as in speech, not as in beer.
frequent	adj	ofta
Friday	n	vendredo
friend	n	amiko
from	adv	ekde	eo: Ĉi tio kuko estas ekde ĉi tio mateno. en: This cake is from this morning.	Means "from" as in "since".
from	prep	de	eo: Mi estas de Kanadio. en: I am from Canada.	Means "from" as in "of".
from	prep	el	eo: Pluvo falas el nuboj. en: Rain falls from (out of) the clouds.	Means "from" as in "out of".
from ... to ...	exp	inter ... kaj ...
full	adj	plena		Means full as in a full container.
full	adj	sata		Means full as in "cannot eat anymore".
further	adv	plu

G

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
game	n	ludo
get	vi	ekhavi	Specifically means "to acquire" ("Mi ekhavis pomon" means "I got an apple" as in "An apple was given to me").
get	vt	havigi	Specifically means "to procure" ("Mi havigis pomon" means "I got an apple" as in "I went out and got an apple").
get	vt	iĝi	Specifically means "to become" (for example, "to become tired" is "iĝi lacan").
give	vt	doni
glass	n	glaso
glass	n	vitro
go	v	iri
good	adj	bona
good-bye		adiaŭ, ĝis
goodbye		adiaŭ, ĝis
gradually	adv	iom post iom
grammar	n	gramatiko
gray	adj	griza
green	adj	verda
greet	vt	bonvenigi, saluti
grey	adj	griza
group	n	klubo, grupo

H

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
hair	n	haro	A single hair.
hair	n	hararo	Hair as in someone's hair.
hand	n	mano
happen	vi	okazi
happy	adj	feliĉa, gaja
hasitly	adv	haste
hat	n	ĉapelo
have	vt	havi, teni
have to	vt	devi
he	pron	li
head	n	kapo
healthy	adj	sana
hear	vt	aŭdi
heart	n	koro
help	n	asisto, asistado, helpo
help	vt	asisti, helpi
her	pron	ŝin
here		ĉi tie
here is/are		jen
hide	vt	kaŝi
him	pron	lin
his	adj	lia
hold	vt	teni
home	n	hejmo
hope	vi	esperi
hot	adj	varmega
hour	n	horo
house	n	domo
how		kiel
how many		kiom
how much		kiom
however	adv-conj	tamen
hundred	num	cent
hungry	adj	malsata
hurriedly	adv	haste

I

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
I	pron	mi
ice	n	glacio
idea	n	ideo
if	conj	se
imagine	v	imagi
immediately	adv	tuj
in	prep	en
in order to	prep	por
indeed		ja	This is used to add emphasis. "Mi amas ŝin" means "I love her", but "Mi ja amas ŝin" means "I do love her".
inform	vt	informi
inside	prep	en
instead (of)	conj-prep	anstataŭ
instruct	v	instrui
interest	n	intereso
interested	adj	interesita
interesting	adj	interesa
into	prep	en
iron	n	fero	Refers to the material.
it	pron	ĝi
its	adj	ĝia

J

English	Part of speech	Esperanto
jackal	n	ŝakalo
jacket	n	jako
jade(colour)	adj	jada
jackpot	n	ĉefpremio
jade (colour)	n	jada
jaw	n	makzelo
January	n	januaro
jealous	adj	enviema, ĵaluza
jellyfish	n	meduzo
jewel	n	gemo, juvelo
journalist	n	ĵurnalistino
journey	n	voyaĝi
joy	n	ĝojo
July	n	julio
jump	vi	salti
June	n	junio
just	adv	ĵus

K

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes
kind	adj	afabla, bonkora, kompleza
kind	n	speco		Refers to a kind, type or sort of something. Rarely used; instead correlatives are most often used: tia → "that kind of" ĉia → "every kind of" ia → "some kind of" kia → "what kind of"
kiss	vt	kisi
know	vt	koni	eo: Mi konas sciencon. en: I know about science (I have heard about it).	Specifically means "to be acquainted with" or "to know about" someone or something.
know	vt	scii	eo: Mi scias sciencon. en: I know science (I have science knowledge).	Specifically means "to know how to do" or "to know the way of" something.

L

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes
land	n	lando	eo: Ĉi tio estas lia lando. en: This is his land (this is the country he lives in or is from).	Refers to a country.
land	n	tero	eo: Ĉi tio estas lia tero. en: This is his land (this is the area of land/property he owns).	Refers to dirt, soil or earth.
language	n	lingvo
large	adj	granda
last	adj	lasta, fina	eo: Venigu la lastan homon. en: Get the last person (the final person).	Refers to the last in a group.
last	adj	antaŭa, pasinta	eo: Venigu la antaŭan homon. en: Get the last person (the person just before this one).	Refers to the previous or former in a group.
(at) last	adv	fine, finfine
last	vi	daŭri, kontinui		Refers to lasting, surviving or continuing.
learn	vt	lerni
least	adv	malplej
(at) least	adv	almenaŭ
letter	n	letero		Refers to mail.
letter	n	litero		Refers to the alphabet.
Let’s go!	int	Ek!
library	n	biblioteko, librejo
lie	vi	kuŝi		Refers to lying down.
lie	vi	mensogi		Refers to telling an untruth.
lift	vt	levi
light	adj	leĝera, malpeza
light	n	lumo
like		kiel
like	vt	ŝati
listen	vt	aŭskulti
(a) little		iom
little	adj	malgranda
live	vi	loĝi		Refers to dwelling, or living someplace.
live	vi	vivi		Refers to being alive.
long	adj	longa
look	vt	aspekti		Refers to looking like something.
look	vi	rigardi		Refers to looking at something.
love	vt	ami
lunch	n	lunĉo, meztagmanĝo

M

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
main	adj	ĉefa, precipa
make	vt	fari	Refers to creating something.
make	vt	igi	Refers to becoming something.
man	n	viro
March	n	marto
May	n	majo
maybe	adv	eble
me	pron	mi, min
meet	v	kunveni, rendevui, renkonti
middle	n	mezo
milk	n	lakto
minute	n	minuto
moment	n	momento
Monday	n	lundo
money	n	mono
more		pli
morning	n	mateno
most		plej
mountain	n	monto
mouth	n	buŝo
move	vi	movi
much	adj	multa
must	vt	devi
my	adj	mia

N

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
near	adj	proksima
near	adv	proksime
need	vt	bezoni
never		neniam
new	adj	nova
next	adj	proksima	In the sense of "the nearest".
next	adj	sekva	In the sense of "following". It is most often used in participle form (sekvanta, sekvinta, sekvonta), depending on whether the following is in the past, present or future.
next	adj	venonta	In the sense of "upcoming".
next to	prep	apud
night	n	nokto
no	adv	ne
no	adj	neniu	In the sense of "not any".
no	adj	neniom da	In the sense of "no amount of".
north	n	nordo
note	n	noto	Refers to a written or recorded note.
note	n	tono	Refers to a musical note.
note	vt	konstati	Refers to taking note of something.
note	vt	noti	Refers to making or recording a note about something.
nothing	n	nenio
notice	n	anonco, notico
notice	vt	rimarki
noun	n	substantivo
now	adv	nun
number	n	numero

O

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
on	prep	sur
one	num	unu
one	pron	oni
only	adj	nur
only	adv	sole
open	adj	malfermita	Refers to "not closed".
open	adj	libera	Refers to public, or free.
or	conj	aŭ
other		alia
our	adj	nia
over	prep	pli ol	Refers to "more than".
over	prep	super	Refers to being over top of something.
over	adj	finita	Refers to being finished or done.
own	vt	proprieti

P

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Notes
part	n	parto	Refers to a piece of a something.
part	n	rolo	Refers to a role.
part	vt	apartigi, disigi	Refers to splitting something.
part	vi	disiĝi, disiri	Refers to something being split.
part	vi	ekveturi, ekvojaĝi, foriri, forvojaĝi	Refers to leaving.
pass	vt	pasi	Refers to passing by something.
people	n	homoj, personoj
perhaps		eble
person	n	persono, ulo
picture	n	bildo
piece	n	peco, ero
place	n	ejo, loko
plain	adj	klara, malkaŝa	Refers to being clear.
plain	adj	nebela, simpla	Refers to being unadorned.
plain	n	ebenaĵo	Refers to flat area of land.
plan	vi	plani
play	vi	ludi
possible	adj	ebla
problem	n	problemo
produce	vt	kaŭzi, produkti, realigi
product	n	produkto
pull	v	tiri
put	vt	meti

Q

English	Part of speech	Esperanto
queen	n	reĝino
queer	adj	drola
quest	n	serĉado
question	n	demando
queue	n	vico
quick	adj	rapida
quiet	adj	mallaŭta, kvieta
quiet	n	kvieto
quiet	vt	trankviligi
quite	n	tute, sufiĉe
quote	vt	citi
quote	n	citaĵo

R

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes

S

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes

T

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes

U

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes

V

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes

W

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes

X

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes

Y

English	Part of speech	Esperanto	Examples	Notes

Z

English	Part of speech	Esperanto
zebra	n	zebro
zero	num	nul
zigzag	adj	zigzaga
zigzag	adj	zigzaga
zip	vt	zipi
zodiac	n	zodiako
zombie	n	sorĉkadavro, zombio
zoom	vi	zomi