Friedel–Crafts reaction

Friedel-Crafts reaction
Named after Charles Friedel
James Crafts
Reaction type Coupling reaction
Reaction
Aromatic Ring
+
Alkyl Halide, Alcohol, Alkene or Alkyne
Coupling Product
Conditions
Catalyst
Strong lewis acid:
Zeolite, AlCl3
Identifiers
RSC ontology ID RXNO:0000369

The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an aromatic ring.[1] Friedel–Crafts reactions are of two main types: alkylation reactions and acylation reactions. Both proceed by electrophilic aromatic substitution.[2][3][4][5]

  1. ^ Friedel, C.; Crafts, J. M. (1877) "Sur une nouvelle méthode générale de synthèse d'hydrocarbures, d'acétones, etc.," Compt. Rend., 84: 1392 & 1450.
  2. ^ Price, C. C. (1946). "The Alkylation of Aromatic Compounds by the Friedel-Crafts Method". Org. React. 3: 1. doi:10.1002/0471264180.or003.01. ISBN 0471264180. {{cite journal}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
  3. ^ Groves, J. K. (1972). "The Friedel–Crafts acylation of alkenes". Chem. Soc. Rev. 1: 73. doi:10.1039/cs9720100073.
  4. ^ Eyley, S. C. (1991). "The Aliphatic Friedel–Crafts Reaction". Compr. Org. Synth. 2: 707–731. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00045-7. ISBN 978-0-08-052349-1.
  5. ^ Heaney, H. (1991). "The Bimolecular Aromatic Friedel–Crafts Reaction". Compr. Org. Synth. 2: 733–752. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-052349-1.00046-9. ISBN 978-0-08-052349-1.