Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature

In organic chemistry, Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature, also called the extended Hantzsch–Widman system (named for Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch and Karl Oskar Widman), is a type of systematic chemical nomenclature used for naming heterocyclic parent hydrides having no more than ten ring members.[1] Some common heterocyclic compounds have retained names that do not follow the Hantzsch–Widman pattern.[2][3]

A Hantzsch–Widman name will always contain a prefix, which indicates the type of heteroatom present in the ring, and a stem, which indicates both the total number of atoms and the presence or absence of double bonds. The name may include more than a one prefix, if more than one type of heteroatom is present; a multiplicative prefix if there are several heteroatoms of the same type; and locants to indicate the relative positions of the different atoms. Hantzsch–Widman names may be combined with other aspects of organic nomenclature, to indicate substitution or fused-ring systems.

  1. ^ IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 5th ed. (the "Gold Book") (2025). Online version: (2006–) "Hantzsch–Widman name". doi:10.1351/goldbook.H02737
  2. ^ International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (1983), "Revision of the Extended Hantzsch–Widman System of Nomenclature for Heteromonocycles (Recommendations 1982)", Pure and Applied Chemistry, 55 (2): 409–16, doi:10.1351/pac198855020409
  3. ^ Panico, R.; Powell, W. H.; Richer, J. C., eds. (1993). "Recommendation 2.3.3". A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds. IUPAC/Blackwell Science. pp. 40–44. ISBN 0-632-03488-2.
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