Phenanthrene

Phenanthrene
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name Phenanthrene
Identifiers
CAS Number	85-01-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	1905428
ChEBI	CHEBI:28851 ;
ChemSpider	970 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.437
EC Number	266-028-2;
Gmelin Reference	28699
KEGG	C11422 ;
MeSH	C031181
PubChem CID	995;
UNII	448J8E5BST ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6024254 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H10/c1-3-7-13-11(5-1)9-10-12-6-2-4-8-14(12)13/h1-10H Key: YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C14H10/c1-3-7-13-11(5-1)9-10-12-6-2-4-8-14(12)13/h1-10H Key: YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYAC;
	SMILES C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC3=CC=CC=C32;
Properties
Chemical formula	C14H10
Molar mass	178.234 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless solid
Density	1.18 g/cm3
Melting point	101 °C (214 °F; 374 K)
Boiling point	332 °C (630 °F; 605 K)
Solubility in water	1.6 mg/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−127.9·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 1 0
Flash point	171 °C (340 °F; 444 K)
Structure
Point group	C2v
Dipole moment	0 D
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with formula C₁₄H₁₀, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a colorless, crystal-like solid, but can also appear yellow. Phenanthrene is used to make dyes, plastics, pesticides, explosives, and drugs. It has also been used to make bile acids, cholesterol and steroids.^[3]

Phenanthrene occurs naturally and also is a man-made chemical. Commonly, humans are exposed to phenanthrene through inhalation of cigarette smoke, but there are many routes of exposure. Animal studies have shown that phenanthrene is a potential carcinogen.^[3] However, according to IARC, it is not identified as a probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen.^[4]

Phenanthrene's three fused rings are angled as in the phenacenes, rather than straight as in the acenes. The compounds with a phenanthrene skeleton but with nitrogen atoms in place of CH sites are known as phenanthrolines.

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Record of CAS RN 85-01-8 in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
^ Peter Atkins, J. D. P., Atkins' Physical Chemistry. Oxford: 2010. P. 443.
^ ^a ^b "Phenanthrene Fact Sheet" (PDF). archive.epa.gov. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 19 July 2019.
^ "Phenanthrene". Sigma-Alrdich.

[GESTIS-1] Record of CAS RN 85-01-8 in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

[2] Peter Atkins, J. D. P., Atkins' Physical Chemistry. Oxford: 2010. P. 443.

[factsheet-3] "Phenanthrene Fact Sheet" (PDF). archive.epa.gov. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved 19 July 2019.

[4] "Phenanthrene". Sigma-Alrdich.

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