Amusia
| Amusia | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Neurology |
Amusia is a musical disorder that appears mainly as a defect in processing pitch but also encompasses musical memory and recognition.[1] Two main classifications of amusia exist: acquired amusia, which occurs as a result of brain damage, and congenital amusia, which results from a music-processing anomaly present since birth.
Studies have shown that congenital amusia is a deficit in fine-grained pitch discrimination. Early estimates suggested that 4% of the population has this disorder.[2] More recent direct counts based on a sample of 20,000 people indicate a true rate closer to 1.5%. [3] Acquired amusia may take several forms. Patients with brain damage may experience the loss of ability to produce musical sounds while sparing speech,[4] much like aphasics lose speech selectively but can sometimes still sing.[5][6] Other forms of amusia may affect specific sub-processes of music processing. Current research has demonstrated dissociations between rhythm, melody, and emotional processing of music.[7] Amusia may include impairment of any combination of these skill sets.
- ^ Pearce, J. M. S. (2005). "Selected observations on amusia." [Article]". European Neurology. 54 (3): 145–48. doi:10.1159/000089606. PMID 16282692. S2CID 38916333.
- ^ Peretz I, Hyde KL (2003). "What is specific to music processing? Insights from congenital amusia." [Review]". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 7 (8): 362–67. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.585.2171. doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(03)00150-5. PMID 12907232. S2CID 3224978.
- ^ Peretz I, Vuvan DT (2017). "Prevalence of congenital amusia."". European Journal of Human Genetics. 25 (5): 625–630. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2017.15. PMC 5437896. PMID 28224991.
- ^ Peretz I, Zatorre R (2005). "Brain Organization for Music Processing". Annual Review of Psychology. 56: 89–114. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070225. PMID 15709930.
- ^ Hébert S, Racette A, Gagnon L, Peretz I (2003). "Revisiting the dissociation between singing and speaking in expressive aphasia". Brain. 126 (8): 1838–50. doi:10.1093/brain/awg186. PMID 12821526. Archived from the original on 21 July 2012. Retrieved 17 June 2009.
- ^ Dorgueille, C. 1966. Introduction à l'étude des amusies. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Université de la Sorbonne, Paris.
- ^ Sacks, Oliver. (2007). Musicophilia, New York: Random House. pp. 3–17, 187–258, 302–03.