Cannabigerol
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| Other names | CBG |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.346.098 |
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| Formula | C21H32O2 |
| Molar mass | 316.485 g·mol−1 |
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Cannabigerol (CBG) is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid and minor constituent of cannabis.[1][2][3][4] It is one of more than 120 identified cannabinoids found in the plant genus Cannabis.[5][6] The compound is the decarboxylated form of cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), the parent molecule from which other cannabinoids are biosynthesized.[2][7]
During plant growth, most of the CBG is converted into other cannabinoids, primarily tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD), leaving about 1% CBG in finished plant material.[8] Some strains, however, produce larger amounts of CBG and CBGA, while having low quantities of other cannabinoids, like THC and CBD.[9]
The pharmacodynamics of CBG are complex.[1][2][3] It is a relatively weak ligand of the cannabinoid receptors, where it acts as a weak partial agonist.[1][2][3] Conversely, it is a much more potent agonist of the α2-adrenergic receptor, antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor, and antagonist of the transient receptor potential channel TRPM8.[1][2][3] CBG also has a variety of other actions that may additionally contribute to its effects.[1][2][3]
CBG is sold as a dietary supplement.[2] Safety concerns have been raised due to the potent activation of α2-adrenergic receptors by CBG, which may produce sedation and potentially undesirable cardiovascular effects such as decreased heart rate and blood pressure.[2]
- ^ a b c d e Calapai F, Cardia L, Esposito E, Ammendolia I, Mondello C, Lo Giudice R, Gangemi S, Calapai G, Mannucci C (2022). "Pharmacological Aspects and Biological Effects of Cannabigerol and Its Synthetic Derivatives". Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022: 3336516. doi:10.1155/2022/3336516. PMC 9666035. PMID 36397993.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Nachnani R, Raup-Konsavage WM, Vrana KE (2021). "The pharmacological case for cannabigerol". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 376 (2): 204–212. doi:10.1124/jpet.120.000340. ISSN 0022-3565. PMID 33168643. S2CID 226296897.
- ^ a b c d e Ghovanloo MR, Dib-Hajj SD, Goodchild SJ, Ruben PC, Waxman SG (2022). "Non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid interactions with voltage-gated sodium channels: An update on cannabidiol and cannabigerol". Front Physiol. 13: 1066455. doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.1066455. PMC 9691960. PMID 36439273.
- ^ Morales P, Reggio PH, Jagerovic N (2017). "An Overview on Medicinal Chemistry of Synthetic and Natural Derivatives of Cannabidiol". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 8: 422. doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00422. PMC 5487438. PMID 28701957.
- ^ ElSohly MA, Radwan MM, Gul W, Chandra S, Galal A (2017). "Phytochemistry of Cannabis sativa L". Phytochemistry of Cannabis sativa L. Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products. Vol. 103. pp. 1–36. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45541-9_1. ISBN 978-3-319-45539-6. PMID 28120229.
- ^ Turner SE, Williams CM, Iversen L, Whalley BJ (2017). "Molecular Pharmacology of Phytocannabinoids". Phytocannabinoids. Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products. Vol. 103. pp. 61–101. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45541-9_3. ISBN 978-3-319-45539-6. PMID 28120231.
- ^ "Cannabigerol; ID 5315659". PubChem, National Library of Medicine, US National Institutes of Health. 2 July 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Aizpurua-Olaizola O, Soydaner U, Öztürk E, Schibano D, Simsir Y, Navarro P, et al. (February 2016). "Evolution of the Cannabinoid and Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes". Journal of Natural Products. 79 (2): 324–331. Bibcode:2016JNAtP..79..324A. doi:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00949. PMID 26836472.
- ^ Zagožen M, Čerenak A, Kreft S (2021-09-01). "Cannabigerol and cannabichromene in Cannabis sativa L.". Acta Pharmaceutica. 71 (3): 355–364. doi:10.2478/acph-2021-0021. PMID 36654096. S2CID 231543630.