Cisplatin

Cisplatin
Clinical data
Trade names	Platinol, others
Other names	Cisplatinum, platamin, neoplatin, cismaplat, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP)
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a684036
License data	US DailyMed: Cisplatin;
Pregnancy; category	AU: D; Contraindicated;
Routes of; administration	Intravenous
ATC code	L01XA01 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); CA: ℞-only; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	100% (IV)
Protein binding	> 95%
Elimination half-life	30–100 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (SP-4-2)-diamminedichloridoplatinum(II);
CAS Number	15663-27-1 ;
PubChem CID	2767;
DrugBank	DB00515 ;
ChemSpider	76401 ;
UNII	Q20Q21Q62J;
KEGG	D00275 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:27899 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL2068237 ;
PDB ligand	CPT (PDBe, RCSB PDB);
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50275807 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.036.106
Chemical and physical data
Formula	[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]
Molar mass	300.05 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES [NH3+][Pt+2](Cl)(Cl)[NH3+];
	InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.2H3N.Pt/h21H;21H3;/q;;;;+2/p-2 ; Key:LXZZYRPGZAFOLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L ;
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Cisplatin is a chemical compound with formula cis-[Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂]. It is a coordination complex of platinum that is used as a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers.^[2] These include testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, brain tumors and neuroblastoma.^[2] It is given by injection into a vein.^[2]

Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, hearing problems including severe hearing loss, kidney damage, and vomiting.^[2]^[3]^[4] Other serious side effects include numbness, trouble walking, allergic reactions, electrolyte problems, and heart disease.^[2] Use during pregnancy can cause harm to the developing fetus.^[1]^[2] Cisplatin is in the platinum-based antineoplastic family of medications.^[2] It works in part by binding to DNA and inhibiting its replication.^[2]

Cisplatin was first reported in 1845 and licensed for medical use in 1978 and 1979.^[5]^[2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.^[6]^[7]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Cisplatin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 12 September 2019. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ "Cisplatin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^ Oun R, Moussa YE, Wheate NJ (May 2018). "The side effects of platinum-based chemotherapy drugs: a review for chemists". Dalton Transactions. 47 (19): 6645–6653. doi:10.1039/c8dt00838h. PMID 29632935.
^ Callejo A, Sedó-Cabezón L, Juan ID, Llorens J (July 2015). "Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies". Toxics. 3 (3): 268–293. Bibcode:2015Toxic...3..268C. doi:10.3390/toxics3030268. PMC 5606684. PMID 29051464.
^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 513. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.