Colponemid

Colponemids
	SEM image of Colponema vietnamica showing anterior (af) and posterior (pf) flagella, and an acroneme (an).
Scientific classification (polyphyletic)
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	Sar
Clade:	Alveolata
Order:	; Cavalier-Smith 1993 emend. Adl et al. 2019
Groups included
	Acavomonas; Colponema; Loeffela; Neocolponema; Palustrimonas;
Cladistically included but traditionally excluded taxa
	Ciliophora; Myzozoa;
Synonyms
	Protalveolata Cavalier-Smith 1991 emend. 2017;

Colponemids are free-living alveolates, unicellular flagellates related to dinoflagellates, apicomplexans and ciliates. They are predators of other small eukaryotes, found in freshwater, marine and soil environments. They do not form a solid clade, but a sparse group of deep-branching alveolate lineages.

^ Cite error: The named reference Adl 2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Thomas Cavalier-Smith (5 September 2017). "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences". Protoplasma. 255 (1): 297–357. doi:10.1007/S00709-017-1147-3. ISSN 0033-183X. PMC 5756292. PMID 28875267. Wikidata Q47194626.

[Adl_2019-1] Cite error: The named reference Adl 2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Cavalier-Smith_2017-2] Thomas Cavalier-Smith (5 September 2017). "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences". Protoplasma. 255 (1): 297–357. doi:10.1007/S00709-017-1147-3. ISSN 0033-183X. PMC 5756292. PMID 28875267. Wikidata Q47194626.

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