Conivaptan

Conivaptan
Clinical data
Trade names	Vaprisol
Other names	YM 087
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
License data	US DailyMed: Conivaptan;
Routes of; administration	Intravenous
ATC code	C03XA02 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	N/A
Elimination half-life	5 hours
Identifiers
	IUPAC name N-(4-((4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepin- 6(1H)-yl)carbonyl)phenyl)- (1,1'-biphenyl)-2-carboxamide;
CAS Number	210101-16-9 ;
PubChem CID	151171;
IUPHAR/BPS	2203;
DrugBank	DB00872 ;
ChemSpider	133239 ;
UNII	0NJ98Y462X;
KEGG	D01236 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:681850 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1755 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID80175220 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C32H26N4O2
Molar mass	498.586 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES c1ccccc1-c2ccccc2C(=O)Nc3ccc(cc3)C(=O)N4c5ccccc5-c6[nH]c(C)nc6CC4;
	InChI InChI=1S/C32H26N4O2/c1-21-33-28-19-20-36(29-14-8-7-13-27(29)30(28)34-21)32(38)23-15-17-24(18-16-23)35-31(37)26-12-6-5-11-25(26)22-9-3-2-4-10-22/h2-18H,19-20H2,1H3,(H,33,34)(H,35,37) ; Key:IKENVDNFQMCRTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(what is this?) (verify)

Conivaptan, sold under the brand name Vaprisol, is a non-peptide inhibitor of the receptor for anti-diuretic hormone, also called vasopressin. It was approved in 2004 for hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels). Additionally, conivaptan is used for the treatment of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.^[1]^[2]

Conivaptan inhibits two of the three subtypes of the vasopressin receptor (V_1A and V₂). Effectively, it causes iatrogenic nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Conivaptan has not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of decompensated congestive heart failure. However, in theory, vasopressin receptor antagonism would be particularly useful in this setting, and an initial study shows that it has some promise.^[3]

^ Potts MB, DeGiacomo AF, Deragopian L, Blevins LS (August 2011). "Use of intravenous conivaptan in neurosurgical patients with hyponatremia from syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion". Neurosurgery. 69 (2): 268–273. doi:10.1227/NEU.0b013e318218c78f. PMID 21792136.
^ Velez JC, Dopson SJ, Sanders DS, Delay TA, Arthur JM (May 2010). "Intravenous conivaptan for the treatment of hyponatraemia caused by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in hospitalized patients: a single-centre experience". Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation. 25 (5): 1524–1531. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfp731. PMID 20064953.
^ Udelson JE, Smith WB, Hendrix GH, Painchaud CA, Ghazzi M, Thomas I, et al. (November 2001). "Acute hemodynamic effects of conivaptan, a dual V(1A) and V(2) vasopressin receptor antagonist, in patients with advanced heart failure". Circulation. 104 (20): 2417–2423. doi:10.1161/hc4501.099313. PMID 11705818.

[1] Potts MB, DeGiacomo AF, Deragopian L, Blevins LS (August 2011). "Use of intravenous conivaptan in neurosurgical patients with hyponatremia from syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion". Neurosurgery. 69 (2): 268–273. doi:10.1227/NEU.0b013e318218c78f. PMID 21792136.

[2] Velez JC, Dopson SJ, Sanders DS, Delay TA, Arthur JM (May 2010). "Intravenous conivaptan for the treatment of hyponatraemia caused by the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in hospitalized patients: a single-centre experience". Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation. 25 (5): 1524–1531. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfp731. PMID 20064953.

[3] Udelson JE, Smith WB, Hendrix GH, Painchaud CA, Ghazzi M, Thomas I, et al. (November 2001). "Acute hemodynamic effects of conivaptan, a dual V(1A) and V(2) vasopressin receptor antagonist, in patients with advanced heart failure". Circulation. 104 (20): 2417–2423. doi:10.1161/hc4501.099313. PMID 11705818.

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