Diazoxide

Diazoxide
Clinical data
Trade namesProglycem, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: C
Routes of
administration		By mouth, intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding90%
MetabolismLiver oxidation and sulfate conjugation
Elimination half-life21-45 hours
ExcretionKidney
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 7-Chloro-3-methyl-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.006.063
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC8H7ClN2O2S
Molar mass230.67 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point330 to 331 °C (626 to 628 °F)
SMILES
  • Clc1ccc2c(c1)S(=O)(=O)/N=C(\N2)C
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C8H7ClN2O2S/c1-5-10-7-3-2-6(9)4-8(7)14(12,13)11-5/h2-4H,1H3,(H,10,11) Y
  • Key:GDLBFKVLRPITMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  (verify)

Diazoxide, sold under the brand name Proglycem among others, is a medication used to treat low blood sugar due to a number of specific causes.[4] This includes islet cell tumors that cannot be removed and leucine sensitivity.[4] It can also be used in refractory cases of sulfonylurea toxicity.[5] It is taken by mouth.[4]

Diazoxide, used as the salt diazoxide choline, and sold under the brand name Vykat XR, is used for the treatment of hyperphagia in people with Prader-Willi syndrome.[3] It was approved for this use in the United States in March 2025.[6]

Common side effects include high blood sugar, fluid retention, low blood platelets, a fast heart rate, increased hair growth, and nausea.[4] Other severe side effects include pulmonary hypertension and heart failure.[4] It is chemically similar to thiazide diuretics.[4] It works by decreasing insulin release from the pancreas and increasing glucose release by the liver.[4]

Diazoxide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1973.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[8]

  1. ^ "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. 7 July 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  2. ^ "Proglycem- diazoxide suspension". DailyMed. 19 July 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
  3. ^ a b "Vykat XR- diazoxide choline tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 26 March 2025. Retrieved 17 April 2025.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h "Diazoxide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
  5. ^ Doyle ME, Egan JM (March 2003). "Pharmacological agents that directly modulate insulin secretion". Pharmacological Reviews. 55 (1): 105–131. doi:10.1124/pr.55.1.7. PMID 12615955. S2CID 11121340.
  6. ^ "Soleno Therapeutics Announces U.S. FDA Approval of Vykat XR to Treat Hyperphagia in Prader-Willi Syndrome" (Press release). Soleno Therapeutics. 26 March 2025. Retrieved 28 March 2025 – via GlobeNewswire.
  7. ^ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
  8. ^ British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 708. ISBN 9780857113382.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.