Fludarabine

Fludarabine
Clinical data
Trade names	Fludara, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a692003
Routes of; administration	Intravenous, by mouth
ATC code	L01BB05 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); CA: ℞-only; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	55%
Protein binding	19 to 29%
Elimination half-life	20 hours
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-(6-amino-2-fluoropurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol;
CAS Number	21679-14-1 ;
PubChem CID	657237;
IUPHAR/BPS	4802;
DrugBank	DB01073 ;
ChemSpider	571392 ;
UNII	P2K93U8740;
KEGG	D01907 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:63599 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1568 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2023060 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.123.703
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C10H12FN5O4
Molar mass	285.235 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES Fc1nc(c2ncn(c2n1)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)CO)N;
	InChI InChI=1S/C10H12FN5O4/c11-10-14-7(12)4-8(15-10)16(2-13-4)9-6(19)5(18)3(1-17)20-9/h2-3,5-6,9,17-19H,1H2,(H2,12,14,15)/t3-,5-,6+,9-/m1/s1 ; Key:HBUBKKRHXORPQB-FJFJXFQQSA-N ;
	(what is this?) (verify)

Fludarabine is a purine analogue and antineoplastic agent. It is generally used as its 5-O-phosphorylated form known as fludarabine phosphate, sold under the brand name Fludara among others. It is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma.^[2] These include chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and acute lymphocytic leukemia.^[2] It is given by injection into a vein or by mouth.^[2]

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, fever, rash, shortness of breath, numbness, vision changes, and feeling tired.^[2] Severe side effects include brain dysfunction, low blood cell counts, and lung inflammation.^[2] Use in pregnancy will likely result in harm to the fetus.^[2] Fludarabine is in the purine analog family of medications and works by interfering with the duplication of DNA.^[2]^[3]

Fludarabine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1991.^[2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.^[4]

^ "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. 7 July 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Fludarabine Phosphate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
^ Helms RA, Quan DJ (2006). Textbook of Therapeutics: Drug and Disease Management. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 2309. ISBN 9780781757348. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.
^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

[1] "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. 7 July 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2024.

[AHFS2016-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Fludarabine Phosphate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.

[3] Helms RA, Quan DJ (2006). Textbook of Therapeutics: Drug and Disease Management. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 2309. ISBN 9780781757348. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.

[WHO21st-4] World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]