Gastric antral vascular ectasia
| Gastric antral vascular ectasia | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Watermelon stomach, watermelon disease |
| Endoscopic image of gastric antral vascular ectasia seen as a radial pattern around the pylorus before (top) and after (bottom) treatment with argon plasma coagulation | |
| Specialty | Gastroenterology |
| Symptoms | Bleeding in the stomach and intestines, edema, dilated blood vessels |
Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon cause of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or iron deficiency anemia.[1][2] The condition is associated with dilated small blood vessels in the gastric antrum, which is a distal part of the stomach.[1] The dilated vessels result in intestinal bleeding.[3] It is also called watermelon stomach because streaky long red areas that are present in the stomach may resemble the markings on watermelon.[1][2][3][4]
The condition was first discovered in 1952,[2] and reported in the literature in 1953.[5] Watermelon disease was first diagnosed by Wheeler et al. in 1979, and definitively described in four living patients by Jabbari et al. only in 1984.[4] As of 2011, the cause and pathogenesis are still not known.[4][6] However, there are several competing hypotheses as to various causes.[4]
- ^ a b c Suit, PF; Petras, RE; Bauer, TW; Petrini Jr, JL (1987). "Gastric antral vascular ectasia. A histologic and morphometric study of "the watermelon stomach"". The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 11 (10): 750–7. doi:10.1097/00000478-198710000-00002. PMID 3499091. S2CID 36333766.
- ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
Antrectomywas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Nguyen, Hien; Le, Connie; Nguyen, Hanh (2009). "Gastric antral vascular ectasia (watermelon stomach)-an enigmatic and often-overlooked cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly". The Permanente Journal. 13 (4): 46–9. doi:10.7812/TPP/09-055. PMC 2911825. PMID 20740102.
- ^ a b c d Yildiz, Baris; Sokmensuer, Cenk; Kaynaroglu, Volkan (2010). "Chronic anemia due to watermelon stomach". Annals of Saudi Medicine. 30 (2): 156–8. doi:10.4103/0256-4947.60524. PMC 2855069. PMID 20220268.
- ^ Rider, JA; Klotz, AP; Kirsner, JB (1953). "Gastritis with veno-capillary ectasia as a source of massive gastric hemorrhage". Gastroenterology. 24 (1): 118–23. doi:10.1016/S0016-5085(53)80070-3. PMID 13052170.
- ^ Tuveri, Massimiliano; Borsezio, Valentina; Gabbas, Antonio; Mura, Guendalina (2007). "Gastric antral vascular ectasia—an unusual cause of gastric outlet obstruction: report of a case". Surgery Today. 37 (6): 503–5. doi:10.1007/s00595-006-3430-3. PMID 17522771. S2CID 25727751.