Habit reversal training

Habit reversal training (HRT) is a "multicomponent behavioral treatment package originally developed to address a wide variety of repetitive behavior disorders".[1]

Behavioral disorders treated with HRT include tics, trichotillomania, nail biting, thumb sucking, skin picking, temporomandibular disorder (TMJ), lip-cheek biting and stuttering.[2][3][4] It consists of five components: awareness training, competing response training, contingency management, relaxation training, and generalization training.[1]

Research on the efficacy of HRT for behavioral disorders have produced consistent, large effect sizes (approximately 0.80 across the disorders).[3] It has met the standard of a well-established treatment for stuttering, thumb sucking, nail biting, and TMJ disorders.[3] According to a meta-analysis from 2012,[5] decoupling, a self-help variant of HRT, also shows efficacy.

  1. ^ a b Piacentini JC, Chang SW (2006). "Behavioral treatments for tic suppression: habit reversal training". Advances in Neurology. 99: 227–33. PMID 16536370.
  2. ^ Azrin, N.H.; Nunn, R.G. (July 12, 1973). "Habit-reversal: A method of eliminating nervous habits and tics". Behaviour Research and Therapy. 11 (4): 619–628. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(73)90119-8.
  3. ^ a b c Bate, Karina S.; Malouff, John M.; Thorsteinsson, Einar T.; Bhullar, Navjot (2011-07-01). "The efficacy of habit reversal therapy for tics, habit disorders, and stuttering: A meta-analytic review". Clinical Psychology Review. 31 (5): 865–871. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2011.03.013. PMID 21549664.
  4. ^ Azrin, N.H.; Nunn, R.G.; Frantz-Renshaw, S.E. (1982). "Habit reversal vs negative practice treatment of self-destructive oral habits (biting, chewing or licking of the lips, cheeks, tongue or palate)". Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 13 (1): 49–54. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(82)90035-0. PMID 7068895.
  5. ^ Sarris, Jerome; Camfield, David; Berk, Michael (2012). "Complementary medicine, self-help, and lifestyle interventions for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and the OCD spectrum: A systematic review". Journal of Affective Disorders. 138 (3): 213–221. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.051. PMID 21620478.
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