Public health intervention

A public health intervention is any effort, policy, or program intended to improve mental and physical health at the population level. Interventions involve social movements that strive to support public health at different levels of society.[1] Public health interventions may be run by a variety of organizations, including governmental health departments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Interventions can be personal, community-level, national, and global.[1] Common types of interventions include screening programs,[2] vaccination,[3] food and water supplementation, and health promotion. Common issues that are the subject of public health interventions include obesity,[4] drug, tobacco, and alcohol use,[5] and the spread of infectious disease, e.g. HIV.[6] Public health interventions are distinct from healthcare interventions in terms of their scope, methods, and objectives.[1] Though, both are highly interconnected and necessarily complementary.

A policy may meet the criteria of a public health intervention if it prevents disease on both the individual and community level and has a positive impact on public health.[7]

  1. ^ a b c Doval, Hernán C. (2015). "Building Bridges between Healthcare and Public Health. From Efficacy Trials in Patients to Those Effective in Populations". Revista Argentina de Cardiología. 83 (6): 566–571. ISSN 0034-7000.
  2. ^ Kim, Hyuncheol Bryant; Lee, Sun-Mi (2017-03-06). "When public health intervention is not successful: Cost sharing, crowd-out, and selection in Korea's National Cancer Screening Program". Journal of Health Economics. 53: 100–116. doi:10.1016/J.JHEALECO.2017.02.006. PMID 28340393.
  3. ^ Kürüm, Esra; Warren, Joshua L.; Schuck-Paim, Cynthia; Lustig, Roger; Lewnard, Joseph A.; Fuentes, Rodrigo; Bruhn, Christian A. W.; Taylor, Robert J.; Simonsen, Lone (2017-07-31). "Bayesian model averaging with change points to assess the impact of vaccination and public health interventions". Epidemiology. 28 (6): 889–897. doi:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000719. PMC 5617796. PMID 28767518.
  4. ^ Bhuyan, Soumitra S.; Chandak, Aastha; Smith, Patti; Carlton, Erik L.; Duncan, Kenric; Gentry, Daniel (2015-08-07). "Integration of public health and primary care: A systematic review of the current literature in primary care physician mediated childhood obesity interventions". Obesity Research and Clinical Practice. 9 (6): 539–552. doi:10.1016/J.ORCP.2015.07.005. PMID 26259684.
  5. ^ Todd, Adam; Moore, Helen J.; Husband, Andrew K.; Bambra, Clare; Kasim, Adetayo; Sniehotta, Falko F.; Steed, Liz; Summerbell, Carolyn D. (2014-08-22). "Community pharmacy interventions for public health priorities: protocol for a systematic review of community pharmacy-delivered smoking, alcohol and weight management interventions". Systematic Reviews. 3: 93. doi:10.1186/2046-4053-3-93. PMC 4145162. PMID 25145710.
  6. ^ M, Schrappe; K, Lauterbach (1998-01-01). "Systematic review on the cost-effectiveness of public health interventions for HIV prevention in industrialized countries". AIDS. 12 Suppl A: S231–8. PMID 9633007.
  7. ^ Patil, Rajan R. (2013-11-01). "Application of PHEL - 'Public Health Epidemiological Logic' of Public Health Intervention and Public Health Impact". International Journal of Preventive Medicine. 4 (11): 1331–1336. PMC 3883261. PMID 24404371.
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