Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament

Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) is defined as an avulsion (tearing away) of the inferior glenohumeral ligament from the anatomic neck of the humerus.[1] In other words, it occurs when we have disruption of the ligaments that join the humerus to the glenoid. HAGL tends to occur in 7.5-9.3% of cases of anterior shoulder instability.[2] Making it an uncommon cause of anterior shoulder instability. Avulsion of this ligamentous complex may occur in three sites: glenoid insertion (40%), the midsubstance (35%) and the humeral insertion (25%).[3] Bony humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (BHAGL) refers when we have HAGL with bony fracture.[3]

  1. ^ A. Khanna, MRI for Orthopaedic Surgeons, Thieme 2009
  2. ^ MRI of HAGL Lesions: Four Arthroscopically Confirmed Cases of False-Positive Diagnosis J. Stuart Melvin1, John D. MacKenzie, Elliott Nacke, Brian J. Sennett1 and Lawrence Wells.2008,
  3. ^ a b Gaillard, Frank. "Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament". radiopaedia. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
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