Kayser–Fleischer ring

Not to be confused with Fleischer ring.
Kayser–Fleischer ring
A Kayser–Fleischer ring in a 32-year-old patient who had longstanding speech difficulties and tremor.
SpecialtyOphthalmology 

Kayser–Fleischer rings (KF rings) are dark rings that appear to encircle the cornea of the eye. They are due to copper deposition in the Descemet's membrane as a result of particular liver diseases.[1] They are named after German ophthalmologists Bernhard Kayser and Bruno Fleischer who first described them in 1902 and 1903.[2][3][4] Initially thought to be due to the accumulation of silver, they were first demonstrated to contain copper in 1934.[5]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference McDonnell was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Kayser B (1902). "Über einen Fall von angeborener grünlicher Verfärbung des Cornea". Klin Monatsbl Augenheilk. 40 (2): 22–25.
  3. ^ Fleischer B (1903). "Zwei weitere Fälle von grünlicher Verfärbung der Kornea". Klin Monatsbl Augenheilk. 41 (1): 489–491.
  4. ^ synd/1758 at Whonamedit?
  5. ^ Gerlach W, Rohrschneider W (1934). "Besteht das Pigment des Kayser-Fleischerschen Hornhautringes aus Silber?". Klin Wochenschr. 13 (2): 48–49. doi:10.1007/BF01799043.
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