Late talker
| Late language emergence | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Late talker, Einstein syndrome[1] |
| Specialty | Developmental psychology |
| Treatment | Language interventions (general language stimulation, focused language stimulation, Milieu teaching) |
| Frequency | ~13% of two-year-olds |
A late talker is a toddler experiencing late language emergence (LLE),[2][3] which can also be an early or secondary sign of an autism spectrum disorder, or other neurodevelopmental disorders such as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability, learning disability, social communication disorder, or specific language impairment.[1][4][5][6] Lack of language development, comprehension skills, and challenges with literacy skills are potential risks as late talkers age.[3] Outlook for late talkers with or without intervention is generally favorable.[7] Toddlers have a high probability of catching up to typical toddlers if early language interventions are put in place.[8][2]
- ^ a b Camarata, Stephen (1 October 2014). "Five Minutes with Stephen Camarata". MIT Press. Archived from the original on 2021-12-01. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
- ^ a b Prelock PA, Hutchins TL (2018). "Understanding Late Talkers". In Prelock PA, Hutchins TL (eds.). Clinical Guide to Assessment and Treatment of Communication Disorders. Best Practices in Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health Care. Springer International Publishing. pp. 43–51. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93203-3_5. ISBN 978-3-319-93203-3.
- ^ a b "Late Language Emergence: Overview". American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
- ^ "Late Language Emergence: Overview". American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Retrieved 2017-10-14.
- ^ Sanchack KE, Thomas CA (December 2016). "Autism Spectrum Disorder: Primary Care Principles". American Family Physician. 94 (12): 972–979. PMID 28075089.
- ^ Girolametto L, Pearce PS, Weitzman E (April 1997). "Effects of lexical intervention on the phonology of late talkers". Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. 40 (2): 338–48. doi:10.1044/jslhr.4002.338. PMID 9130202.
- ^ Rapin I (February 2002). "Legitimacy of comparing fragile X with autism questioned". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 32 (1): 60–1. doi:10.1023/A:1017956224167. PMID 11916334. S2CID 142779307.
- ^ Lowry L (2012). "How to tell if Your Child is a Late Talker – and What to Do about It". www.hanen.org. Retrieved 2020-05-24.