Lormetazepam

Lormetazepam
Clinical data
Trade names	Noctamid, Loramet, others
Other names	Methyllorazepam; Methyl-lorazepam; N-Methyllorazepam; Ro 5-5516
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Pregnancy; category	D;
Routes of; administration	Oral, intravenous
Drug class	Benzodiazepine
ATC code	N05CD06 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	BR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs); CA: Schedule IV; DE: Prescription only (Anlage III for higher doses); US: Schedule IV;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	80%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	10–12 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (RS)-7-Chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one;
CAS Number	848-75-9 ;
PubChem CID	13314;
IUPHAR/BPS	7553;
DrugBank	DB13872 ;
ChemSpider	12750 ;
UNII	GU56C842ZA;
KEGG	D01657 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:52993 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL22097 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID40862442 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.011.546
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C16H12Cl2N2O2
Molar mass	335.18 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES ClC1=CC=CC=C1C2=NC(C(N(C)C3=C2C=C(C=C3)Cl)=O)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H12Cl2N2O2/c1-20-13-7-6-9(17)8-11(13)14(19-15(21)16(20)22)10-4-2-3-5-12(10)18/h2-8,15,21H,1H3 ; Key:FJIKWRGCXUCUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Lormetazepam, sold under the brand name Noctamid among others, is a drug which is a short to intermediate acting 3-hydroxy^[3] benzodiazepine derivative and temazepam analogue.^[4] It possesses hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.

It was patented in 1961 and came into medical use in 1980.^[5] Lormetazepam is not approved for sale in the United States or Canada. It is licensed in the UK as 0.5 and 1 mg tablets for short-term treatment (2–4 weeks) of moderately severe insomnia. It is licensed in the Netherlands as 1 and 2 mg tablets, under the brand names Loramet and Noctamid and as generic, available from several manufacturers. It is sold in Poland as Noctofer. It is also sold in France as generic as 1 and 2mg tablets, with a maximum prescription duration of 4 weeks. A Dutch analysis stated that lormetazepam could be suitable to be included in drug prescribing formularies, although zolpidem, zopiclone, and temazepam appear better.^[6]

^ Horowski R (August 2020). "Dependence liability of lormetazepam: are all benzodiazepines equal? The case of the new i.v. lormetazepam for anesthetic procedures". Journal of Neural Transmission. 127 (8): 1107–1115. doi:10.1007/s00702-020-02209-8. PMC 8823007. PMID 32468272.
^ Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
^ Doenicke A, Dorow R, Täuber U (December 1991). "[The pharmacokinetics of lormetazepam following cimetidine]" [The pharmacokinetics of lormetazepam following cimetidine]. Der Anaesthesist (in German). 40 (12): 675–679. PMID 1685875.
^ Cite error: The named reference analogues was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 537. ISBN 9783527607495.
^ Janknegt R, van der Kuy A, Declerck G, Idzikowski C (August 1996). "Hypnotics. Drug selection by means of the System of Objectified Judgement Analysis (SOJA) method". PharmacoEconomics. 10 (2): 152–163. doi:10.2165/00019053-199610020-00007. PMID 10163418.

[pmid32468272-1] Horowski R (August 2020). "Dependence liability of lormetazepam: are all benzodiazepines equal? The case of the new i.v. lormetazepam for anesthetic procedures". Journal of Neural Transmission. 127 (8): 1107–1115. doi:10.1007/s00702-020-02209-8. PMC 8823007. PMID 32468272.

[2] Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.

[3] Doenicke A, Dorow R, Täuber U (December 1991). "[The pharmacokinetics of lormetazepam following cimetidine]" [The pharmacokinetics of lormetazepam following cimetidine]. Der Anaesthesist (in German). 40 (12): 675–679. PMID 1685875.

[analogues-4] Cite error: The named reference analogues was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Fis2006-5] Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 537. ISBN 9783527607495.

[6] Janknegt R, van der Kuy A, Declerck G, Idzikowski C (August 1996). "Hypnotics. Drug selection by means of the System of Objectified Judgement Analysis (SOJA) method". PharmacoEconomics. 10 (2): 152–163. doi:10.2165/00019053-199610020-00007. PMID 10163418.

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