Malathion

Malathion
Names
	IUPAC name Diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]butanedioate
	Other names 2-(Dimethoxyphosphinothioylthio) butanedioic acid diethyl ester; Malathion; Carbofos; Maldison; Mercaptothion; Ortho malathion
Identifiers
CAS Number	121-75-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:6651 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200468 ;
ChemSpider	3864 ;
DrugBank	DB00772 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.004.089
KEGG	D00534 ;
PubChem CID	4004;
UNII	U5N7SU872W ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4020791 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C10H19O6PS2/c1-5-15-9(11)7-8(10(12)16-6-2)19-17(18,13-3)14-4/h8H,5-7H2,1-4H3 Key: JXSJBGJIGXNWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C10H19O6PS2/c1-5-15-9(11)7-8(10(12)16-6-2)19-17(18,13-3)14-4/h8H,5-7H2,1-4H3 Key: JXSJBGJIGXNWCI-UHFFFAOYAK;
	SMILES O=C(OCC)C(SP(=S)(OC)OC)CC(=O)OCC;
Properties
Chemical formula	C10H19O6PS2
Molar mass	330.358021
Appearance	Clear colorless liquid
Density	1.23 g/cm3
Melting point	2.9 °C (37.2 °F; 276.0 K)
Boiling point	156 to 157 °C (313 to 315 °F; 429 to 430 K) at 0.7 mmHg
Solubility in water	145 mg/L at 20 °C
Solubility	Soluble in ethanol and acetone; very soluble in ethyl ether
log P	2.36 (octanol/water)
Pharmacology
ATC code	P03AX03 (WHO) QP53AF12 (WHO)
Hazards
Flash point	163 °C; 325 °F; 436 K (greater than)
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	290 mg/kg (rat, oral); 190 mg/kg (mouse, oral); 570 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral)
LC50 (median concentration)	84.6 mg/m3 (rat, 4 hr)
LCLo (lowest published)	10 mg/m3 (cat, 4 hr)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 15 mg/m3 [skin]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 10 mg/m3 [skin]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	250 mg/m3
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Malathion is an organophosphate insecticide which acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. In the USSR, it was known as carbophos, in New Zealand and Australia as maldison and in South Africa as mercaptothion. The compound's name is presumably related to malic acid (2-hydroxybutanedioic acid) owning to the 2-substituted diethyl malate substructure.

^ Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 755
^ Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995., p. 80
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0375". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ ^a ^b ^c "Malathion". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[1] Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 755

[2] Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995., p. 80

[PGCH-3] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0375". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[IDLH-4] "Malathion". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

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