May–Thurner syndrome

May–Thurner syndrome
Other namesIliac vein compression syndrome
Iliac veins
SpecialtyVascular surgery

May–Thurner syndrome (MTS), also known as the iliac vein compression syndrome,[1] is a condition in which compression of the common venous outflow tract of the left lower extremity may cause discomfort, swelling, pain or iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis.

Specifically, the problem is due to left common iliac vein compression by the overlying right common iliac artery.[2][3] This leads to stasis of blood, which predisposes to the formation of blood clots. Uncommon variations of MTS have been described, such as the right common iliac vein getting compressed by the right common iliac artery.[1]

In the twenty-first century, the May–Thurner syndrome definition has been expanded to a broader disease profile known as nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions (NIVL) which can involve both the right and left iliac veins as well as multiple other named venous segments.[4] This syndrome frequently manifests as pain when the limb is dependent (hanging down the edge of a bed/chair) and/or significant swelling of the whole limb.

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Butros2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ May R, Thurner J (1957). "The cause of the predominantly sinistral occurrence of thrombosis of the pelvic veins". Angiology. 8 (5): 419–27. doi:10.1177/000331975700800505. PMID 13478912. S2CID 6799302.
  3. ^ Fazel R, Froehlich JB, Williams DM, Saint S, Nallamothu BK (2007). "Clinical problem-solving. A sinister development – a 35-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a 2-day history of progressive swelling and pain in her left leg, without antecedent trauma". N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (1): 53–9. doi:10.1056/NEJMcps061337. PMID 17611208.
  4. ^ Raju S, Neglen P (July 2006). "High prevalence of nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions in chronic venous disease: a permissive role in pathogenicity". J Vasc Surg. 44 (1): 136–43. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2006.02.065. PMID 16828437.
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