Nasal fracture
| Nasal fracture | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Broken nose |
| Plain X-ray showing a nasal fracture | |
| Specialty | Emergency medicine, otorhinolaryngology |
| Symptoms | Nose bleed, swelling, bruising[1][2][3] |
| Complications | Septal hematoma, other facial fractures, meningitis[1] |
| Usual onset | Young males[4] |
| Causes | Assault, trauma during sports, falls, motor vehicle collisions[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Typically based on symptoms, occasionally plain X rays[1] |
| Treatment | Pain medication, cold compresses, possible reduction post resolution of swelling[1] |
| Prognosis | Generally good[5] |
| Frequency | Common[4] |
A nasal fracture, commonly referred to as a broken nose, is a fracture of one of the bones of the nose.[3] Symptoms may include bleeding, swelling, bruising, and an inability to breathe through the nose.[1][3] They may be complicated by other facial fractures or a septal hematoma.[1]
The most common causes include assault, trauma during sports, falls, and motor vehicle collisions.[1] Diagnosis is typically based on the signs and symptoms and may occasionally be confirmed by plain X-ray.[1]
Treatment is typically with pain medication and cold compresses.[1] Reduction, if needed, can typically occur after the swelling has come down.[1] Depending on the type of fracture reduction may be closed or open.[3] Outcomes are generally good.[5] Nasal fractures are common, comprising about 40% of facial fractures.[1][4] Males in their 20s are most commonly affected.[3]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Das D, Salazar L (April 2017). "Maxillofacial Trauma: Managing Potentially Dangerous And Disfiguring Complex Injuries". Emergency Medicine Practice. 19 (4): 1–24. PMID 28362252.
- ^ Nastri, A. L.; Gurney, B. (2016). "Current concepts in midface fracture management". Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery. 24 (4): 368–375. doi:10.1097/moo.0000000000000267. PMID 27348349. S2CID 46767666.
- ^ a b c d e Kühnel TS, Reichert TE (2015). "Trauma of the midface". GMS Current Topics in Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. 14: Doc06. doi:10.3205/cto000121. PMC 4702055. PMID 26770280.
- ^ a b c Fonseca RJ (2017). Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - E-Book: 3-Volume Set (3 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9780323444422.
- ^ a b Marston AP, O'Brien EK, Hamilton GS (April 2017). "Nasal Injuries in Sports". Clinics in Sports Medicine. 36 (2): 337–353. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2016.11.004. PMID 28314421.