Osgood–Schlatter disease
| Osgood–Schlatter Disease | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Apophysitis of the tibial tubercle, Lannelongue's disease,[1] osteochondrosis of the tibial tubercle[2] |
| Lateral view X-ray of the knee demonstrating fragmentation of the tibial tubercle with overlying soft tissue swelling. | |
| Specialty | Orthopedics |
| Symptoms | Painful bump just below the knee, worse with activity and better with rest[3] |
| Usual onset | Males between the ages of 10 and 15[3] Females between 8 and 14 |
| Duration | Few weeks to years. |
| Risk factors | Sports that involve running or jumping[3] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms[3] |
| Treatment | Applying cold, stretching, strengthening exercises[3] |
| Medication | NSAIDs |
| Prognosis | Good[3] |
| Frequency | ~4%[4] |
Osgood–Schlatter disease (OSD) is inflammation of the patellar ligament at the tibial tuberosity (apophysitis)[3] usually affecting adolescents during growth spurts.[5] It is characterized by a painful bump just below the knee that is worse with activity and better with rest.[3] Episodes of pain typically last a few weeks to months.[6] One or both knees may be affected and flares may recur.[3][5]
Risk factors include overuse, especially sports which involve frequent running or jumping.[3] The underlying mechanism is repeated tension on the growth plate of the upper tibia.[3] Diagnosis is typically based on the symptoms.[3] A plain X-ray may be either normal or show fragmentation in the attachment area.[3]
Pain typically resolves with time.[3] Applying cold to the affected area, rest, stretching, and strengthening exercises may help.[3][6] NSAIDs such as ibuprofen may be used.[5] Slightly less stressful activities such as swimming or walking may be recommended.[3] Casting the leg for a period of time may help.[6] After growth slows, typically age 16 in boys and 14 in girls, the pain will no longer occur despite a bump potentially remaining.[5][7]
About 4% of people are affected at some point in time.[4] Males between the ages of 10 and 15 are most often affected.[3] The condition is named after Robert Bayley Osgood (1873–1956), an American orthopedic surgeon, and Carl B. Schlatter (1864–1934), a Swiss surgeon, who described the condition independently in 1903.[1][8]
- ^ a b "Osgood-Schlatter disease". whonamedit. Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
- ^ Smith, James; Varacallo, Matthew (15 November 2018). "Osgood Schlatter Disease". StatPearls. PMID 28723024. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Questions and Answers About Knee Problems". www.niams.nih.gov. 2017-04-05. Archived from the original on 13 May 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
- ^ a b Ferri, Fred F. (2013). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2014 E-Book: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 804. ISBN 978-0-323-08431-4. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10.
- ^ a b c d "Osgood-Schlatter Disease (Knee Pain)". orthoinfo.aaos.org. May 2015. Archived from the original on 18 June 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
- ^ a b c Vaishya, R; Azizi, AT; Agarwal, AK; Vijay, V (13 September 2016). "Apophysitis of the Tibial Tuberosity (Osgood-Schlatter Disease): A Review". Cureus. 8 (9): e780. doi:10.7759/cureus.780. PMC 5063719. PMID 27752406.
- ^ Circi, E; Atalay, Y; Beyzadeoglu, T (December 2017). "Treatment of Osgood-Schlatter disease: review of the literature". Musculoskeletal Surgery. 101 (3): 195–200. doi:10.1007/s12306-017-0479-7. PMID 28593576. S2CID 24810215.
- ^ Nowinski RJ, Mehlman CT (1998). "Hyphenated history: Osgood-Schlatter disease". Am. J. Orthop. 27 (8): 584–5. PMID 9732084.