Pericyte

Pericyte
Transmission electron micrograph of a microvessel displaying pericytes that are lining the outer surface of endothelial cells that are encircling an erythrocyte (E).
Details
Identifiers
Latinpericytus
MeSHD020286
THH3.09.02.0.02006
FMA63174
Anatomical terms of microanatomy

Pericytes (formerly called Rouget cells)[1] are multi-functional mural cells of the microcirculation that wrap around the endothelial cells that line the capillaries throughout the body.[2] Pericytes are embedded in the basement membrane of blood capillaries, where they communicate with endothelial cells by means of both direct physical contact and paracrine signaling.[3] The morphology, distribution, density and molecular fingerprints of pericytes vary between organs and vascular beds.[4][5] Pericytes help in the maintainenance of homeostatic and hemostatic functions in the brain, where one of the organs is characterized with a higher pericyte coverage, and also sustain the blood–brain barrier.[6] These cells are also a key component of the neurovascular unit, which includes endothelial cells, astrocytes, and neurons.[7][8] Pericytes have been postulated to regulate capillary blood flow [9][10][11][12] and the clearance and phagocytosis of cellular debris in vitro.[13] Pericytes stabilize and monitor the maturation of endothelial cells by means of direct communication between the cell membrane as well as through paracrine signaling.[14] A deficiency of pericytes in the central nervous system can cause increased permeability of the blood–brain barrier.[6]

  1. ^ Dore-Duffy, P. (2008). "Pericytes: Pluripotent cells of the blood brain barrier". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 14 (16): 1581–93. doi:10.2174/138161208784705469. PMID 18673199.
  2. ^ Birbrair A, Zhang T, Wang ZM, Messi ML, Mintz A, Delbono O (January 2015). "Pericytes at the intersection between tissue regeneration and pathology". Clinical Science. 128 (2): 81–93. doi:10.1042/CS20140278. PMC 4200531. PMID 25236972.
  3. ^ Bergers G, Song S (October 2005). "The role of pericytes in blood-vessel formation and maintenance". Neuro-Oncology. 7 (4): 452–64. doi:10.1215/S1152851705000232. PMC 1871727. PMID 16212810.
  4. ^ Sims, David E. (January 1986). "The pericyte—A review". Tissue and Cell. 18 (2): 153–174. doi:10.1016/0040-8166(86)90026-1. PMID 3085281.
  5. ^ Muhl, Lars; Genové, Guillem; Leptidis, Stefanos; Liu, Jianping; He, Liqun; Mocci, Giuseppe; Sun, Ying; Gustafsson, Sonja; Buyandelger, Byambajav; Chivukula, Indira V.; Segerstolpe, Åsa (December 2020). "Single-cell analysis uncovers fibroblast heterogeneity and criteria for fibroblast and mural cell identification and discrimination". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 3953. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.3953M. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17740-1. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7414220. PMID 32769974.
  6. ^ a b Winkler EA, Bell RD, Zlokovic BV (October 2011). "Central nervous system pericytes in health and disease". Nature Neuroscience. 14 (11): 1398–1405. doi:10.1038/nn.2946. PMC 4020628. PMID 22030551.
  7. ^ Dore-Duffy P, Cleary K (2011). "Morphology and properties of pericytes". The Blood-Brain and Other Neural Barriers. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 686. pp. 49–68. doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-938-3_2. ISBN 978-1-60761-937-6. PMID 21082366.
  8. ^ Liebner S, Czupalla CJ, Wolburg H (2011). "Current concepts of blood-brain barrier development". The International Journal of Developmental Biology. 55 (4–5): 467–76. doi:10.1387/ijdb.103224sl. PMID 21769778.
  9. ^ Hartmann, David A.; Berthiaume, Andrée-Anne; Grant, Roger I.; Harrill, Sarah A.; Koski, Tegan; Tieu, Taryn; McDowell, Konnor P.; Faino, Anna V.; Kelly, Abigail L.; Shih, Andy Y. (May 2021). "Brain capillary pericytes exert a substantial but slow influence on blood flow". Nature Neuroscience. 24 (5): 633–645. doi:10.1038/s41593-020-00793-2. ISSN 1097-6256. PMC 8102366. PMID 33603231.
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference Hall-2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference Peppiatt-2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  13. ^ Rustenhoven, Justin; Smyth, Leon C.; Jansson, Deidre; Schweder, Patrick; Aalderink, Miranda; Scotter, Emma L.; Mee, Edward W.; Faull, Richard L. M.; Park, Thomas I.-H.; Dragunow, Mike (December 2018). "Modelling physiological and pathological conditions to study pericyte biology in brain function and dysfunction". BMC Neuroscience. 19 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/s12868-018-0405-4. ISSN 1471-2202. PMC 5824614. PMID 29471788.
  14. ^ Fakhrejahani E, Toi M (2012). "Tumor angiogenesis: pericytes and maturation are not to be ignored". Journal of Oncology. 2012: 1–10. doi:10.1155/2012/261750. PMC 3191787. PMID 22007214.
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