Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
| Vaccine description | |
|---|---|
| Target | 23 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| Vaccine type | Polysaccharide |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Pneumovax 23 |
| Other names | PPSV, PPV-23, PPSV23 |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a607022 |
| License data | |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | Intramuscular |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
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| ChemSpider |
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Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, sold under the brand name Pneumovax 23, is a pneumococcal vaccine that is used for the prevention of pneumococcal disease caused by the 23 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae contained in the vaccine as capsular polysaccharides.[2] It is given by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection.[2]
The polysaccharide antigens were used to induce type-specific antibodies that enhanced opsonization, phagocytosis, and killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) bacteria by phagocytic immune cells. The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is widely used in high-risk adults.[4]
First used in 1945, the tetravalent vaccine was not widely distributed, since its deployment coincided with the discovery of penicillin.[5] In the 1970s, Robert Austrian championed the manufacture and distribution of a 14-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.[6][7] This evolved in 1983 to a 23-valent formulation (PPSV23). A significant breakthrough affecting the burden of pneumococcal disease was the licensing of a protein conjugate heptavalent vaccine (PCV7) beginning in February 2000.[8]
- ^ "Pneumococcal 23-polyvalent vaccine (Pneumovax 23) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 7 October 2019. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- ^ a b c "Pneumovax 23- pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent injection, solution". DailyMed. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
- ^ "Pneumovax 23 - Pneumococcal Vaccine, Polyvalent". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 28 October 2021. STN BLA 101094. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Siemieniuk RA, Gregson DB, Gill MJ (November 2011). "The persisting burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in HIV patients: an observational cohort study". BMC Infectious Diseases. 11: 314. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-314. PMC 3226630. PMID 22078162.
- ^ Macleod CM, Hodges RG, Heidelberger M, Bernhard WG (November 1945). "Prevention of Pneumococcal Pneumonia by Immunization with Specific Capsular Polysaccharides". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 82 (6): 445–465. doi:10.1084/jem.82.6.445. PMC 2135567. PMID 19871511.
- ^ Austrian R, Douglas RM, Schiffman G, Coetzee AM, Koornhof HJ, Hayden-Smith S, et al. (1976). "Prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia by vaccination". Transactions of the Association of American Physicians. 89: 184–194. PMID 14433.
- ^ Klein JO, Plotkin SA (2007). "Robert Austrian: 1917-2007". Clin Infect Dis. 45: 2–3. doi:10.1086/520068.
- ^ Kim NH, Lee J, Lee SJ, Lee H, Kim KH, Park SE, et al. (November 2007). "Immunogenicity and safety of pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (diphtheria CRM(197) protein conjugate; Prevenar ) in Korean infants: differences that are found in Asian children". Vaccine. 25 (45): 7858–7865. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.08.022. PMID 17931753.