Polyarteritis nodosa

Polyarteritis nodosa
Other namesPanarteritis nodosa,[1] Periarteritis nodosa,[1] Kussmaul disease, or Kussmaul-Maier disease,[2]
Polyarteritis nodosa: Macroscopic specimen of the heart with abundant adipose tissue and nodular thickened coronary vessels
SpecialtyImmunology, rheumatology 

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic necrotizing inflammation of blood vessels (vasculitis) affecting medium-sized muscular arteries, typically involving the arteries of the kidneys and other internal organs but generally sparing the lungs' circulation.[3] Small aneurysms are strung like the beads of a rosary,[4] therefore making this "rosary sign" an important diagnostic feature of the vasculitis.[5] PAN is sometimes associated with infection by the hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus.[6] The condition may be present in infants.[7]

PAN is a rare disease.[6] With treatment, five-year survival is 80%; without treatment, five-year survival is 13%. Death is often a consequence of kidney failure, myocardial infarction, or stroke.[8]

  1. ^ a b Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
  2. ^ synd/764 at Whonamedit?
  3. ^ Kumar, Vinay; K. Abbas, Abul; C. Aster, Jon (2015). Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease (9th ed.). Elsevier. p. 509. ISBN 978-1-4557-2613-4.
  4. ^ Keen, William. Surgery, Volume 5. W. B. Saunders. p. 243.
  5. ^ Greenson, Joel K.; Montgomery, Elizabeth A.; Polydorides, Alexandros D. (1 September 2009). Diagnostic Pathology: Gastrointestinal: Published by Amirsys. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-1-931884-26-6. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Forbess2015 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Person, A, Donald (2006-06-15). "Infantile Polyarteritis Nodosa". eMedicine. WebMD. Retrieved 24 December 2009.
  8. ^ Russell Goodman; Paul F. Dellaripa; Amy Leigh Miller; Joseph Loscalzo (January 2, 2014). "An Unusual Case of Abdominal Pain". N Engl J Med. 370 (1): 70–75. doi:10.1056/NEJMcps1215559. PMID 24382068.
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