Psychotic depression
| Psychotic depression | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Depressive psychosis |
| A drawing that attempts to capture the sadness, loneliness, and detachment from reality, as described by patients with psychotic depression | |
| Specialty | Psychiatry |
| Symptoms | Hallucinations, delusions, low mood |
| Complications | Self-harm, Suicide |
| Usual onset | 20-40 years old |
| Duration | Days to weeks, sometimes longer |
| Diagnostic method | Clinical interview[1] |
| Differential diagnosis | Schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorders, dissociative disorders |
| Treatment | Medication, cognitive behavioral therapy |
| Medication | Anti-depressants, anti-psychotics |
Psychotic depression, also known as depressive psychosis, is a major depressive episode that is accompanied by psychotic symptoms.[2] It can occur in the context of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder.[2] Psychotic depression can be difficult to distinguish from schizoaffective disorder, a diagnosis that requires the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks without any mood symptoms present.[2] Unipolar psychotic depression requires that psychotic symptoms occur during severe depressive episodes, although residual psychotic symptoms may also be present in between episodes (e.g., during remission, mild depression, etc.).[3][4][5][6][7] Diagnosis using the DSM-5 involves meeting the criteria for a major depressive episode, along with the criteria for "mood-congruent or mood-incongruent psychotic features" specifier.[8]
- ^ Dubovsky, Steven L.; Ghosh, Biswarup M.; Serotte, Jordan C.; Cranwell, Victoria (2021). "Psychotic Depression: Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment". Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 90 (3): 160–177. doi:10.1159/000511348. PMID 33166960. S2CID 226296398.
- ^ a b c Hales E and Yudofsky JA, eds, The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Psychiatry, Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc., 2003
- ^ Kupfer, D. J., Frank, E., & Phillips, M. L. (2012). Major depressive disorder: New clinical, neurobiological, and treatment perspectives. Lancet, 379(9820), 1045–1055
- ^ Roca et al. (2014). Frequency and predictors of psychotic symptoms in a general population sample. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 129(4), 286–295
- ^ García-Álvarez et al. (2013). Residual psychotic symptoms in depression: Prevalence and relationship to mood symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and treatment response. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 128(5), 375–382
- ^ Lennox et al. (2010). Residual psychotic and depressive symptoms in a clinical trial for psychotic depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 127(1-3), 243–248
- ^ "ICD-10 Version:2019".
- ^ American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association. ISBN 9780890425558.