Purging disorder

Purging disorder is an eating disorder, more specifically a form of other specified feeding or eating disorder.[1] It is characterised by the DSM-5 as self-induced vomiting, or misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas to forcefully evacuate matter from the body.[1] The lifetime prevalence (percentage of individuals in a population who have experienced the disorder at any point in their lives) of purging disorder has been estimated from 1.1% to 5.3%.[2]

Purging disorder differs from bulimia nervosa (BN) because individuals do not consume a large amount of food (also called a binge) prior to purging.[1]

Some of the signs of this disorder include trips to the bathroom directly after a meal, frequent use of laxatives, and obsession over one's appearance and weight. Other signs, all which are the result of excessive vomiting, consist of swollen cheeks, popped blood vessels in the eyes, and clear teeth.[3][4]

Purging disorder is studied far less than other eating disorders[5] hence little information is known about the risk factors, including the effect of gender, race, and class. However, as with most eating disorders, it disproportionately affects women, preoccupation with shape and weight puts this group at elevated risk for eating disorders, including this one.[5] In one study of the risk factors for purging disorder, 77% of the participants who presented with symptoms of purging disorder were female.[6]

It has been argued that purging disorder should be considered a distinct eating disorder, separate from bulimia nervosa.[7][8][9][10]

  1. ^ a b c Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1.
  2. ^ Smith, Kathryn E.; Crowther, Janis H.; Lavender, Jason M. (2018). "A review of purging disorder through meta-analysis". Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 126 (5): 565–592. doi:10.1037/abn0000243. ISSN 1939-1846. PMC 5741973. PMID 28691846.
  3. ^ Carcieri, Elisha (2019). "Purging Disorder". Mirror-Mirror.
  4. ^ "Little-known purging disorder is often missed". NBC News. Associated Press. 19 September 2007.
  5. ^ a b Surgenor, Lois J.; Fear, Jennifer L. (December 1998). "Eating disorder in a transgendered patient: A case report". International Journal of Eating Disorders. 24 (4): 449–452. doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-108x(199812)24:4<449::aid-eat14>3.0.co;2-w. PMID 9813772. ProQuest 211126302.
  6. ^ Allen, Karina L.; Byrne, Susan M.; Crosby, Ross D. (19 September 2014). "Distinguishing Between Risk Factors for Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder, and Purging Disorder". Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 44 (8): 1580–1591. doi:10.1007/s10964-014-0186-8. PMID 25233874. S2CID 28204545.
  7. ^ Castillo, Marigold; Weiselberg, Eric (2017-04-01). "Bulimia Nervosa/Purging Disorder". Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care. 47 (4): 85–94. doi:10.1016/j.cppeds.2017.02.004. ISSN 1538-5442. PMID 28532966.
  8. ^ Keel, Pamela K.; Striegel-Moore, Ruth H. (2009). Walsh, B. Timothy (ed.). "The validity and clinical utility of purging disorder". International Journal of Eating Disorders. 42 (8): 706–719. doi:10.1002/eat.20718. PMID 19642215.
  9. ^ Keel, Pamela K. (2007). "Purging disorder: subthreshold variant or full-threshold eating disorder?". The International Journal of Eating Disorders. 40 Suppl: S89–94. doi:10.1002/eat.20453. ISSN 0276-3478. PMID 17868124.
  10. ^ Koch, Sonja; Quadflieg, Norbert; Rief, Winfried; Fichter, Manfred (2013). "[Purging disorder--a distinct diagnosis? Review about the current state of research]". Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, Medizinische Psychologie (in German). 63 (8): 305–317. doi:10.1055/s-0032-1331212. ISSN 1439-1058. PMID 23382033.
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