Radiation-induced lumbar plexopathy

The lumbosacral nerves
Lumbar plexus and its branches
Dissection of pelvis showing sacral and pudendal plexuses
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

Radiation-induced lumbar plexopathy (RILP) or radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy (RILSP) is nerve damage in the pelvis and lower spine area caused by therapeutic radiation treatments. RILP is a rare side effect of external beam radiation therapy[1][2][3] and both interstitial and intracavity brachytherapy radiation implants.[4][5] RILP is a Pelvic Radiation Disease symptom.[6]

In general terms, such nerve damage may present in stages, earlier as demyelination and later as complications of chronic radiation fibrosis. RILP occurs as a result of radiation therapy administered to treat lymphoma or cancers within the abdomen or pelvic area such as cervical, ovarian, bladder, kidney, pancreatic, prostate, testicular, colorectal, colon, rectal or anal cancer.[7][8] The lumbosacral plexus area is radiosensitive and radiation plexopathy can occur after exposure to mean or maximum radiation levels of 50-60 Gray[7] with a significant rate difference noted within that range.[9]

  1. ^ Delanian, S; Lefaix, JL; Pradat, PF (December 2012). "Radiation-induced neuropathy in cancer survivors". Radiotherapy and Oncology. 105 (3): 273–82. doi:10.1016/j.radonc.2012.10.012. PMID 23245644.
  2. ^ Yadav, Rajesh R (July 14, 2017). "Radiation-Induced Lumbosacral Plexopathy: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology". Medscape. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  3. ^ Dyck P, Thaisetthawatkul P (2014). "Lumbosacral Plexopathy". CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology. 20 (5): 1343–58. doi:10.1212/01.CON.0000455877.60932.d3. PMID 25299286. S2CID 5538712.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference RILP-Ref15 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Lauritsen, Liv; Petersen, Peter; Daugaard, Gedske (15 August 2012). "Neurological Adverse Effects after Radiation Therapy for Stage II Seminoma". Case Reports in Oncology. 5 (2): 444–8. doi:10.1159/000341874. PMC 3433016. PMID 22949908.
  6. ^ Faithfull, Sara; Maher, Jane; Andreyev, Jervoise (2022). "Best Practice Pathway for Pelvic Radiation Disease" (PDF). www.prda.org.uk. Pelvic Radiation Disease Association. pp. 111–118. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  7. ^ a b Americo, J.; Filho, M. Fernandes; Ubogu, Eroboghene (2013). "Atypical Motor Neuron Disorders". In Katirji, Bashar; Kaminski, Henry J.; Ruff, Robert L. (eds.). Neuromuscular Disorders in Clinical Practice (Second ed.). New York, NY: Springer. p. 456. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6567-6_22. ISBN 978-1-4614-6566-9.
  8. ^ Rutkove, Seward B.; Sak, Tracy W. (2013). "Lumbosacral Plexopathies". In Katirji, Bashar; Kaminski, Henry J.; Ruff, Robert L. (eds.). Neuromuscular Disorders in Clinical Practice (Second ed.). New York, NY: Springer. p. 1030. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6567-6_47. ISBN 978-1-4614-6566-9.
  9. ^ de Figueiredo, B. Henriques; Huchet, A.; Dejean, C.; Mamou, N.; Sargos, P.; Loiseau, H.; Kantor, G. (July 2010). "Normal tissue tolerance to external beam radiation therapy: Peripheral nerves". Cancer/Radiothérapie. 14 (4–5): 405–410 (Abstract). doi:10.1016/j.canrad.2010.03.012. PMID 20580590.
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