Subungual exostosis

Subungual exostosis
Other namesDupuytren subungual exostosis[1]
Subungual exostosis (1/3), in a boy age 15 years
SpecialtyOrthopedics

Subungual exostosis is a type of non-cancerous bone tumor of the chondrogenic type, and consists of bone and cartilage.[2] It usually projects from the upper surface of the big toe underlying the nailbed, giving rise to a painful swelling that destroys the nail.[3] Subsequent ulceration and infection may occur.[3]

There is an association with trauma and infection.[4] Diagnosis involves medical imaging to exclude other similar conditions, particularly osteochondroma.[5] X-ray appearance may reveal a bony protuberance attached to the top or side surface of a toe bone.[6]

Treatment is by surgical excision and is effective.[6]

More than half are under the age of 18 years and males are affected equally to females.[3] Combined with bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation, they comprise <5% of cartilage tumors.[4]

  1. ^ "Dupuytren subungual exostosis | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program". rarediseases.info.nih.gov. Archived from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved 11 October 2017.
  2. ^ WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board, ed. (2020). "Bone tumors". Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours: WHO Classification of Tumours. Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Lyon (France): International Agency for Research on Cancer. p. 338. ISBN 978-92-832-4503-2.
  3. ^ a b c WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board, ed. (2020). "Subungual exostosis". Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours: WHO Classification of Tumours. Vol. 3 (5th ed.). Lyon (France): International Agency for Research on Cancer. pp. 345–347. ISBN 978-92-832-4503-2.
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Engel was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference DaCambra was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Bocklage2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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