Sulfasalazine
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Azulfidine, Salazopyrin, Sulazine, others |
| Other names | Sulphasalazine, SSZ |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682204 |
| License data | |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth |
| Drug class | Sulfonamides |
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| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | <15% |
| Elimination half-life | 5-10 hours |
| Excretion | drug metabolites are excreted in urine and feces [4] |
| Identifiers | |
IUPAC name
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| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.009.069 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C18H14N4O5S |
| Molar mass | 398.39 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 240 to 245 °C (464 to 473 °F) (dec.) |
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Sulfasalazine, sold under the brand name Azulfidine among others, is a medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease.[5] It is considered by some to be a first-line treatment in rheumatoid arthritis.[6] It is taken by mouth or can be administered rectally.[5]
Significant side effects occur in about 25% of people.[6] Commonly these include loss of appetite, nausea, headache, and rash.[5] Severe side effects include bone marrow suppression, liver problems, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, and kidney problems.[6][7][4] It should not be used in people allergic to aspirin or sulfonamide.[6] Use during pregnancy appears to be safe for the baby.[5]
Sulfasalazine is in the disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) family of medications.[5] It is unclear exactly how it works.[5] One proposed mechanism is the inhibition of prostaglandins, resulting in local anti-inflammatory effects in the colon.[4] The medication is broken down by intestinal bacteria into sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid.[5]
Sulfasalazine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1950.[5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] Sulfasalazine is available as a generic medication.[5] In 2020, it was the 284th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.[9][10]
- ^ "Sulfasalazine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 9 November 2018. Retrieved 24 January 2020.
- ^ "Sulfasalazine 250mg/5ml Oral Suspension - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". electronic medicines compendium (emc). 13 September 2019. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
UKlabel2014was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Vallerand AH, Sanoski CA, Deglin JH (5 June 2014). Davis's drug guide for nurses (Fourteenth ed.). Philadelphia. ISBN 978-0-8036-4085-6. OCLC 881473728.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i "Sulfasalazine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ a b c d World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 41, 45. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ Hamilton R (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 464. ISBN 9781284057560.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
- ^ "Sulfasalazine - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.