Suxamethonium chloride
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| Pronunciation | /ˌsʌksɪnɪlˈkoʊliːn/ |
| Trade names | Quelicin, Anectine, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
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| Routes of administration | Intravenous, intramuscular |
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| Bioavailability | NA |
| Metabolism | By pseudocholinesterase, to succinylmonocholine and choline |
| Onset of action | 30–60 sec (IV), 2–3 min (IM) |
| Duration of action | < 10 min (IV), 10–30 min (IM) |
| Excretion | Kidney (10%) |
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| Formula | C14H30Cl2N2O4 |
| Molar mass | 361.30 g·mol−1 |
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Suxamethonium chloride (brand names Scoline and Sucostrin, among others), also known as suxamethonium or succinylcholine, or simply sux in medical abbreviation,[4] is a medication used to cause short-term paralysis as part of general anesthesia.[5] This is done to help with tracheal intubation or electroconvulsive therapy.[5] It is administered by injection, either into a vein or into a muscle.[6] When used in a vein, onset of action is generally within one minute and effects last for up to 10 minutes.[6]
Common side effects include low blood pressure, increased saliva production, muscle pain, and rash.[6] Serious side effects include malignant hyperthermia, hyperkalemia and allergic reactions.[7][8] It is not recommended in people who are at risk of high blood potassium or a history of myopathy.[5] Use during pregnancy appears to be safe for the baby.[9]
Suxamethonium is in the neuromuscular blocker family of medications and is of the depolarizing type.[6] It works by blocking the action of acetylcholine on skeletal muscles.[6]
Suxamethonium was described as early as 1906 and came into medical use in 1951.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[10] Suxamethonium is available as a generic medication.[6]
- ^ "Product monograph brand safety updates". Health Canada. February 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
- ^ "Anectine- succinylcholine chloride injection, solution". DailyMed. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 17 September 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Quelicin FDA labelwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Lee C, Katz RL (March 2009). "Clinical implications of new neuromuscular concepts and agents: so long, neostigmine! So long, sux!". Journal of Critical Care. 24 (1): 43–49. doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2008.08.009. PMID 19272538.
- ^ a b c World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 426–8. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ a b c d e f "Succinylcholine Chloride". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ "Anectine Injection - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC)". www.medicines.org.uk. 12 January 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
- ^ "Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: December 22, 2020". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (Press release). 22 December 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ "Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 16 December 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.