Sweat gland

Sweat gland
A cross-section of the human skin, with the sweat gland labeled at the bottom
Details
PrecursorEctoderm[3]
SystemIntegumentary[3]
NerveEccrine: cholinergic sympathetic nerves[4]
Apocrine: adrenergic nerves[5]
Identifiers
Latinglandula sudorifera[1][2]
MeSHD013545
TA98A16.0.00.029
TA27079
FMA59152
Anatomical terminology

Sweat glands, also known as sudoriferous or sudoriparous glands, from Latin sudor 'sweat',[6][7] are small tubular structures of the skin that produce sweat. Sweat glands are a type of exocrine gland, which are glands that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct. There are two main types of sweat glands that differ in their structure, function, secretory product, mechanism of excretion, anatomic distribution, and distribution across species:

  • Eccrine sweat glands are distributed almost all over the human body, in varying densities, with the highest density in palms and soles, then on the head, but much less on the trunk and the extremities. Their water-based secretion represents a primary form of cooling in humans.[8]
  • Apocrine sweat glands are mostly limited to the axillae (armpits) and perineal area in humans.[8] They are not significant for cooling in humans, but are the sole effective sweat glands in hoofed animals, such as the camels, donkeys, horses, and cattle.[9][10][11]

Ceruminous glands (which produce ear wax), mammary glands (which produce milk), and ciliary glands in the eyelids are modified apocrine sweat glands.[2][12]

  1. ^ TA A16.0.00.029
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference grayanat was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference neas was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Krstic 2004, p. 464.
  5. ^ Krstic 2004, p. 466.
  6. ^ "sudoriferous". The New Oxford American Dictionary (2nd ed.).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference saunders03 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b Kurosumi, Shibasaki & Ito 1984, p. 255.
  9. ^ Folk & Semken 1991, p. 181.
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference bullard70 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Sørensen & Prasad 1973, p. 173.
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference Ackerman2005 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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