Thiomersal

Thiomersal
Names
	IUPAC name Ethyl(2-mercaptobenzoato-(2-)-O,S) mercurate(1-) sodium
	Other names Mercury((o-carboxyphenyl)thio)ethyl sodium salt; sodium ethylmercurithiosalicylate; thiomersalate sodium;
Identifiers
CAS Number	54-64-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	8169555
ChEBI	CHEBI:9546 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL508338 ;
ChemSpider	10772045 ;
DrugBank	DB11590;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.192
EC Number	200-210-4;
Gmelin Reference	1677155
KEGG	D00864;
PubChem CID	16684434;
RTECS number	OV8400000;
UNII	2225PI3MOV ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3025540 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H6O2S.C2H5.Hg.Na/c8-7(9)5-3-1-2-4-6(5)10;1-2;;/h1-4,10H,(H,8,9);1H2,2H3;;/q;;2+1/p-2 Key: RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/C7H6O2S.C2H5.Hg.Na/c8-7(9)5-3-1-2-4-6(5)10;1-2;;/h1-4,10H,(H,8,9);1H2,2H3;;/q;;2+1/p-2/rC9H10HgO2S.Na/c1-2-10-13-8-6-4-3-5-7(8)9(11)12;/h3-6H,2H2,1H3,(H,11,12);/q;+1/p-1 Key: RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-TYXNQWANAP;
	SMILES [Na+].[O-]C(=O)c1ccccc1S[Hg]CC;
Properties
Chemical formula	C9H9HgNaO2S
Molar mass	404.81 g/mol
Appearance	White or slightly yellow powder
Density	2.508 g/cm3
Melting point	232 to 233 °C (450 to 451 °F; 505 to 506 K) (decomposition)
Solubility in water	1000 g/L (20 °C)
Pharmacology
ATC code	D08AK06 (WHO)
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H300, H310, H330, H373, H410
Precautionary statements	P260, P273, P280, P301, P302, P304, P310, P330, P340, P352
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 1 1
Flash point	250 °C (482 °F; 523 K)
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	75 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	External MSDS
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Thiomersal (INN), or thimerosal (USAN, JAN), also sold under the name merthiolate,^[4] is an organomercury compound. It is a well-established antiseptic and antifungal agent.^[5]

It has been used as a preservative in vaccines, immunoglobulin preparations, skin test antigens, antivenins, ophthalmic and nasal products, and tattoo inks.^[6] Despite the scientific consensus that fears about its safety are unsubstantiated,^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] its use as a vaccine preservative has been called into question by anti-vaccination groups.

^ Cite error: The named reference molstruct was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Thimerosal, 54-64-8, High-Purity, T5125, Sigma-Aldrich". www.sigmaaldrich.com.
^ Chambers M. "ChemIDplus – 54-64-8 – RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L – Thimerosal [USP:JAN] – Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
^ "Merthiolate poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
^ "Thimerosal and Vaccines | Vaccine Safety | CDC". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 25 August 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
^ Sharpe MA, Livingston AD, Baskin DS (2012). "Thimerosal-Derived Ethylmercury Is a Mitochondrial Toxin in Human Astrocytes: Possible Role of Fenton Chemistry in the Oxidation and Breakage of mtDNA". Journal of Toxicology. 2012: 373678. doi:10.1155/2012/373678. PMC 3395253. PMID 22811707. ...widely used in medical products, including as a preservative in vaccines, immunoglobulin preparations, skin test antigens, antivenins, ophthalmic and nasal products, and tattoo inks...
^ Cite error: The named reference IOM2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Doja A, Roberts W (November 2006). "Immunizations and autism: a review of the literature". The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques. 33 (4): 341–346. doi:10.1017/s031716710000528x. PMID 17168158.
^ "Vaccines Do Not Cause Autism". cdc.gov. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
^ Gołoś A, Lutyńska A (2015). "Thiomersal-containing vaccines - a review of the current state of knowledge". Przeglad Epidemiologiczny. 69 (1): 59–64, 157–61. PMID 25862449.

[molstruct-1] Cite error: The named reference molstruct was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] "Thimerosal, 54-64-8, High-Purity, T5125, Sigma-Aldrich". www.sigmaaldrich.com.

[3] Chambers M. "ChemIDplus – 54-64-8 – RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L – Thimerosal [USP:JAN] – Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information". chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 3 April 2018.

[4] "Merthiolate poisoning: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 8 December 2023.

[5] "Thimerosal and Vaccines | Vaccine Safety | CDC". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 25 August 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2023.

[6] Sharpe MA, Livingston AD, Baskin DS (2012). "Thimerosal-Derived Ethylmercury Is a Mitochondrial Toxin in Human Astrocytes: Possible Role of Fenton Chemistry in the Oxidation and Breakage of mtDNA". Journal of Toxicology. 2012: 373678. doi:10.1155/2012/373678. PMC 3395253. PMID 22811707. ...widely used in medical products, including as a preservative in vaccines, immunoglobulin preparations, skin test antigens, antivenins, ophthalmic and nasal products, and tattoo inks...

[IOM2004-7] Cite error: The named reference IOM2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Doja-8] Doja A, Roberts W (November 2006). "Immunizations and autism: a review of the literature". The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques. 33 (4): 341–346. doi:10.1017/s031716710000528x. PMID 17168158.

[CDC_concerns-9] "Vaccines Do Not Cause Autism". cdc.gov. Retrieved 29 November 2015.

[10] Gołoś A, Lutyńska A (2015). "Thiomersal-containing vaccines - a review of the current state of knowledge". Przeglad Epidemiologiczny. 69 (1): 59–64, 157–61. PMID 25862449.

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