Triazolam

Triazolam
Clinical data
Trade names	Halcion, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a684004
License data	US DailyMed: Triazolam;
Pregnancy; category	AU: C;
Routes of; administration	By mouth
ATC code	N05CD05 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); BR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs); CA: Schedule IV; DE: Prescription only (Anlage III for higher doses); UK: Class C; US: Schedule IV; UN: N IV; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	44% (oral route), 53% (sublingual)
Metabolism	Liver
Onset of action	15–30 minutes
Elimination half-life	1.5–5.5 hours
Excretion	Kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 8-Chloro-6-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine;
CAS Number	28911-01-5 ;
PubChem CID	5556;
IUPHAR/BPS	7313;
DrugBank	DB00897 ;
ChemSpider	5355 ;
UNII	1HM943223R;
KEGG	D00387 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:9674 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL646 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6046763 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.044.811
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C17H12Cl2N4
Molar mass	343.21 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES Cc1nnc2n1-c1ccc(Cl)cc1C(c1ccccc1Cl)=NC2;
	InChI InChI=1S/C17H12Cl2N4/c1-10-21-22-16-9-20-17(12-4-2-3-5-14(12)19)13-8-11(18)6-7-15(13)23(10)16/h2-8H,9H2,1H3 ; Key:JOFWLTCLBGQGBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Triazolam, sold under the brand name Halcion among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant tranquilizer of the triazolobenzodiazepine (TBZD) class, which are benzodiazepine (BZD) derivatives.^[4] It possesses pharmacological properties similar to those of other benzodiazepines, but it is generally only used as a sedative to treat severe insomnia.^[5] In addition to the hypnotic properties, triazolam's amnesic, anxiolytic, sedative, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties are pronounced as well.^[6]

Triazolam was initially patented in 1970 and went on sale in the United States in 1982.^[7] In 2017, it was the 289th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than one million prescriptions.^[8]

^ "Triazolam (Halcion) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 18 September 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
^ Anvisa (31 March 2023). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 4 April 2023). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
^ "What Is Triazolam Used For?". www.icliniq.com. 1 November 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
^ "Benzodiazepine Names". non-benzodiazepines. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 29 December 2008.
^ Wishart, David (2006). "Triazolam". DrugBank. Retrieved 23 March 2006.
^ Mandrioli R, Mercolini L, Raggi MA (October 2008). "Benzodiazepine metabolism: an analytical perspective". Current Drug Metabolism. 9 (8): 827–844. doi:10.2174/138920008786049258. PMID 18855614.
^ Shorter E (2005). "B". A Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190292010.
^ "Triazolam - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.

[Drugs.com_pregnancy-1] "Triazolam (Halcion) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 18 September 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.

[2] Anvisa (31 March 2023). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 4 April 2023). Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.

[3] "What Is Triazolam Used For?". www.icliniq.com. 1 November 2022. Retrieved 30 January 2023.

[4] "Benzodiazepine Names". non-benzodiazepines. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 29 December 2008.

[DrugBank-5] Wishart, David (2006). "Triazolam". DrugBank. Retrieved 23 March 2006.

[6] Mandrioli R, Mercolini L, Raggi MA (October 2008). "Benzodiazepine metabolism: an analytical perspective". Current Drug Metabolism. 9 (8): 827–844. doi:10.2174/138920008786049258. PMID 18855614.

[7] Shorter E (2005). "B". A Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190292010.

[8] "Triazolam - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.

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