Emtricitabine/tenofovir

This article is about the combination medication emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil. For the combination medication emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, see Tenofovir alafenamide § combinations.

Emtricitabine/tenofovir
Combination of
EmtricitabineNucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Tenofovir disoproxilNucleotide analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Clinical data
Trade namesTruvada, others
Other namesEmtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa612036
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)[2]
  • CA: ℞-only
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
  • EU: Rx-only[3]
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
KEGG
NIAID ChemDB
  (verify)

Emtricitabine/tenofovir, sold under the brand name Truvada among others, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS.[4][5] It contains the antiretroviral medications emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil.[6] For treatment, it must be used in combination with other antiretroviral medications.[6][7] For prevention before exposure, in those who are at high risk, it is recommended along with safer sex practices.[6] It does not cure HIV/AIDS.[4] Emtricitabine/tenofovir is taken by mouth.[6]

Common side effects include headache, tiredness, trouble sleeping, abdominal pain, weight loss, and rash.[4] Serious side effects may include high blood lactate levels and enlargement of the liver.[6] Use of this medication during pregnancy does not appear to harm the fetus, but this has not been well studied.[1]

Emtricitabine/tenofovir was approved for medical use in the United States in 2004.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] In the United States, emtricitabine/tenofovir was under patent by Gilead until 2020, but is now available as a generic worldwide.[9] In 2020, it was the 278th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.[10][11]

  1. ^ a b "Emtricitabine / tenofovir Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. 1 August 2018. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  2. ^ "Prescription medicines: registration of new generic medicines and biosimilar medicines, 2017". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 21 June 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  3. ^ "Truvada EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 21 February 2005. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d "Truvada". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  5. ^ "UK label Truvada film-coated tablets". Electronic Medicines Compendium. August 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
  6. ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference Truvada FDA label was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 160. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
  8. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  9. ^ "AOC asks pharma CEO why $2,000 HIV drug costs just $8 in Australia". The Independent. 17 May 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
  10. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
  11. ^ "Emtricitabine; Tenofovir Disoproxil - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
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