Valeric acid

Valeric acid^[1]
Names
	IUPAC name Pentanoic acid
	Other names 1-Butanecarboxylic acid; Propylacetic acid; C5:0 (Lipid numbers)
Identifiers
CAS Number	Valeric acid: 109-52-4 ; Valerate: 10023-74-2;
3D model (JSmol)	Valeric acid: Interactive image;
ChEBI	Valeric acid: CHEBI:17418; Valerate: CHEBI:31011;
ChEMBL	Valeric acid: ChEMBL268736 ;
ChemSpider	Valeric acid: 7701 ; Valerate: 102757;
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.344
EC Number	Valeric acid: 203-677-2;
IUPHAR/BPS	Valeric acid: 1061;
PubChem CID	Valeric acid: 7991; Valerate: 114781;
RTECS number	Valeric acid: YV6100000;
UNII	Valeric acid: GZK92PJM7B ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	Valeric acid: DTXSID7021655 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C5H10O2/c1-2-3-4-5(6)7/h2-4H2,1H3,(H,6,7) Key: NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; Valeric acid: InChI=1/C5H10O2/c1-2-3-4-5(6)7/h2-4H2,1H3,(H,6,7) Key: NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYAU;
	SMILES Valeric acid: CCCCC(O)=O;
Properties
Chemical formula	C5H10O2
Molar mass	102.133 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Density	0.930 g/cm3
Melting point	−34.5 °C (−30.1 °F; 238.7 K)
Boiling point	185 °C (365 °F; 458 K)
Solubility in water	4.97 g/100 mL
Acidity (pKa)	4.82
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−66.85·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H314, H412
Precautionary statements	P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338+P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 1 0
Flash point	86 °C (187 °F; 359 K)
Related compounds
Related compounds	Butyric acid, Hexanoic acid
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Valeric acid or pentanoic acid is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH₃(CH₂)₃COOH. Like other low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids, it has an unpleasant odor. It is found in the perennial flowering plant Valeriana officinalis, from which it gets its name. Its primary use is in the synthesis of its esters. Salts and esters of valeric acid are known as valerates or pentanoates. Volatile esters of valeric acid tend to have pleasant odors and are used in perfumes and cosmetics. Several, including ethyl valerate and pentyl valerate are used as food additives because of their fruity flavors.

^ Merck Index, 13th Edition, 2001, page 1764.
^ Sigma-Aldrich. "Valeric acid". Retrieved 2020-09-29.

[1] Merck Index, 13th Edition, 2001, page 1764.

[sigma-2] Sigma-Aldrich. "Valeric acid". Retrieved 2020-09-29.

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