Ventilation–perfusion mismatch

In the respiratory system, ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch refers to the pathological discrepancy between ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q) resulting in an abnormal ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio. Ventilation is a measure of the amount of inhaled air that reaches the alveoli, while perfusion is a measure of the amount of deoxygenated blood that reaches the alveoli through the capillary beds.[1] Under normal conditions, ventilation-perfusion coupling keeps ventilation (V) at approximately 4 L/min and normal perfusion (Q) at approximately 5 L/min. Thus, at rest, a normal V/Q ratio is 0.8.[2] Any deviation from this value is considered a V/Q mismatch. Maintenance of the V/Q ratio is crucial for preservation of effective pulmonary gas exchange and maintenance of oxygenation levels. A mismatch can contribute to hypoxemia and often signifies the presence or worsening of an underlying pulmonary condition.[3]

  1. ^ Magder, Sheldon; Malhotra, Atul; Hibbert, Kathryn A.; Hardin, Charles Corey (2021-09-01). Cardiopulmonary Monitoring: Basic Physiology, Tools, and Bedside Management for the Critically Ill. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-3-030-73387-2.
  2. ^ Petersson, Johan; Glenny, Robb W. (2014-10-01). "Gas exchange and ventilation–perfusion relationships in the lung". European Respiratory Journal. 44 (4): 1023–1041. doi:10.1183/09031936.00037014. ISSN 0903-1936. PMID 25063240.
  3. ^ Powers, Kyle A.; Dhamoon, Amit S. (2023), "Physiology, Pulmonary Ventilation and Perfusion", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 30969729, retrieved 2023-11-11
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