Vinyl chloride
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| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Chloroethene | |||
| Other names
Vinyl chloride monomer
VCM Vinyl monomer VM Chloroethylene Refrigerant-1140 | |||
| Identifiers | |||
CAS Number
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3D model (JSmol)
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Beilstein Reference
|
1731576 | ||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.756 | ||
| EC Number |
| ||
Gmelin Reference
|
100541 | ||
| KEGG | |||
PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1086 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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InChI
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SMILES
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| Properties | |||
Chemical formula
|
C2H3Cl | ||
| Molar mass | 62.50 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
| Odor | mildly sweet[1] | ||
| Density | 0.911 g/cc | ||
| Melting point | −153.8 °C (−244.8 °F; 119.3 K) | ||
| Boiling point | −13.4 °C (7.9 °F; 259.8 K) | ||
Solubility in water
|
2.7 g/L (0.0432 mol/L) | ||
| Vapor pressure | 2580 mmHg at 20 °C (68 °F) | ||
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)
|
−35.9·10−6 cm3/mol | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C)
|
0.8592 J/K/g (gas) 0.9504 J/K/g (solid) | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−94.12 kJ/mol (solid) | ||
| Hazards | |||
| GHS labelling: | |||
Pictograms
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Signal word
|
Danger | ||
Hazard statements
|
H220, H350 | ||
Precautionary statements
|
P201, P202, P210, P281, P308+P313, P377, P381, P403, P405, P501 | ||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | −61 °C (−78 °F; 212 K) | ||
| Explosive limits | 3.6–33%[2] | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
|
TWA 1 ppm C 5 ppm [15-minute][2] | ||
REL (Recommended)
|
Ca[2] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
|
Ca [N.D.][2] | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related chloroethenes
|
dichloroethylenes, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, allyl chloride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
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Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl. It is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene. It is an important industrial chemical chiefly used to produce the polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Vinyl chloride is a colourless flammable gas that has a sweet odor and is carcinogenic. Vinyl chloride monomer is among the top twenty largest petrochemicals (petroleum-derived chemicals) in world production.[3] The United States remains the largest vinyl chloride manufacturing region because of its low-production-cost position in chlorine and ethylene raw materials. China is also a large manufacturer and one of the largest consumers of vinyl chloride.[4] It can be formed in the environment when soil organisms break down chlorinated solvents. Vinyl chloride that is released by industries or formed by the breakdown of other chlorinated chemicals can enter the air and drinking water supplies. Vinyl chloride is a common contaminant found near landfills.[5] Before the 1970s, vinyl chloride was used as an aerosol propellant and refrigerant.[6][7]
- ^ "Vinyl chloride". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- ^ a b c d NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0658". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Ullmannwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM) – Chemical Economics Handbook". S&P Global. Archived from the original on 18 August 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
- ^ "Vinyl Chloride". Wisconsin Department of Health Services. 2018-01-30. Archived from the original on 2023-02-07. Retrieved 2023-02-07.
- ^ Fralish, Matthew S.; Downs, John W. (June 21, 2022). "Vinyl Chloride Toxicity". National Library of Medicine. PMID 31335054.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|url=(help) - ^ "Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM)". Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Archived from the original on 2023-02-06.