CD74

CD74
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1A6A, 1ICF, 1IIE, 1L3H, 1MUJ, 3PDO, 3PGC, 3PGD, 3QXA, 3QXD, 4AEN, 4X5W
Identifiers
Aliases	CD74, DHLAG, HLADG, II, Ia-GAMMA, CD74 molecule, p33, CLIP
External IDs	OMIM: 142790; MGI: 96534; HomoloGene: 3209; GeneCards: CD74; OMA:CD74 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	150,412,969 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 18 (mouse)
End	60,945,724 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	monocyte; ; appendix; ; granulocyte; ; spleen; ; lymph node; ; right lung; ; gallbladder; ; upper lobe of left lung; ; lower lobe of lung; ; mucosa of ileum;
	Top expressed in
	spleen; ; jejunum; ; thymus; ; ileum; ; zone of skin; ; colon; ; lip; ; uterus; ; adrenal gland; ; white adipose tissue;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	nitric-oxide synthase binding; identical protein binding; MHC class II protein binding, via antigen binding groove; cytokine receptor activity; macrophage migration inhibitory factor binding; protein folding chaperone activity; MHC class II protein complex binding; amyloid-beta binding; protein binding; MHC class II protein binding; cytokine binding; CD4 receptor binding;
Cellular component	lysosomal lumen; extracellular exosome; MHC class II protein complex; lysosomal membrane; late endosome; endocytic vesicle membrane; transport vesicle membrane; integral component of membrane; ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane; multivesicular body; Golgi apparatus; Golgi membrane; trans-Golgi network membrane; macrophage migration inhibitory factor receptor complex; membrane; cell surface; intracellular anatomical structure; integral component of lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane; endoplasmic reticulum; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; plasma membrane; lysosome; vacuole; endosome; clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane; NOS2-CD74 complex; external side of plasma membrane;
Biological process	immune response; positive regulation of T cell differentiation; negative regulation of apoptotic process; signal transduction; positive thymic T cell selection; chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding; T cell selection; positive regulation of type 2 immune response; positive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation; antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II; adaptive immune response; antigen processing and presentation; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process; regulation of macrophage activation; negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator; immunoglobulin mediated immune response; leukocyte migration; positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis; positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production; macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway; prostaglandin biosynthetic process; cell population proliferation; antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen; immune system process; defense response; negative regulation of peptide secretion; negative regulation of T cell differentiation; positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production; positive regulation of B cell proliferation; negative thymic T cell selection; positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation; intracellular protein transport; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator; positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of protein phosphorylation; positive regulation of kinase activity; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; positive regulation of MAPK cascade; positive regulation of monocyte differentiation; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; positive regulation of viral entry into host cell; protein heterotetramerization; protein trimerization; protein-containing complex assembly;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	972
	16149
	ENSG00000019582
	ENSMUSG00000024610
	P04233
	P04441
	NM_004355; NM_001025158; NM_001025159; NM_001364083; NM_001364084
	NM_001042605; NM_010545
	NP_001020329; NP_001020330; NP_004346; NP_001351012; NP_001351013
	NP_001036070; NP_034675
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain also known as HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain or CD74 (Cluster of Differentiation 74), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD74 gene.^[5]^[6] The invariant chain (Abbreviated Ii) is a polypeptide which plays a critical role in antigen presentation. It is involved in the formation and transport of MHC class II peptide complexes for the generation of CD4+ T cell responses.^[7]^[8] The cell surface form of the invariant chain is known as CD74. CD74 is a cell surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF).^[9]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000019582 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024610 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Claesson L, Larhammar D, Rask L, Peterson PA (December 1983). "cDNA clone for the human invariant gamma chain of class II histocompatibility antigens and its implications for the protein structure". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 80 (24): 7395–7399. Bibcode:1983PNAS...80.7395C. doi:10.1073/pnas.80.24.7395. PMC 389957. PMID 6324166.
^ Kudo J, Chao LY, Narni F, Saunders GF (December 1985). "Structure of the human gene encoding the invariant gamma-chain of class II histocompatibility antigens". Nucleic Acids Research. 13 (24): 8827–8841. doi:10.1093/nar/13.24.8827. PMC 318954. PMID 3001652.
^ "UniProtKB - P04233 (HG2A_HUMAN)". The UniProt Knowledgebase. The UniProt Consortium. 2020. Retrieved Aug 10, 2020.
^ Cresswell P (1994). "Assembly, transport, and function of MHC class II molecules". Annual Review of Immunology. 12: 259–293. doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.001355. PMID 8011283.
^ Farr L, Ghosh S, Moonah S (2020). "Role of MIF Cytokine/CD74 Receptor Pathway in Protecting Against Injury and Promoting Repair". Frontiers in Immunology. 11: 1273. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01273. PMC 7325688. PMID 32655566.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000019582 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024610 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid6324166-5] Claesson L, Larhammar D, Rask L, Peterson PA (December 1983). "cDNA clone for the human invariant gamma chain of class II histocompatibility antigens and its implications for the protein structure". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 80 (24): 7395–7399. Bibcode:1983PNAS...80.7395C. doi:10.1073/pnas.80.24.7395. PMC 389957. PMID 6324166.

[pmid3001652-6] Kudo J, Chao LY, Narni F, Saunders GF (December 1985). "Structure of the human gene encoding the invariant gamma-chain of class II histocompatibility antigens". Nucleic Acids Research. 13 (24): 8827–8841. doi:10.1093/nar/13.24.8827. PMC 318954. PMID 3001652.

[UniProt-7] "UniProtKB - P04233 (HG2A_HUMAN)". The UniProt Knowledgebase. The UniProt Consortium. 2020. Retrieved Aug 10, 2020.

[pmid8011283-8] Cresswell P (1994). "Assembly, transport, and function of MHC class II molecules". Annual Review of Immunology. 12: 259–293. doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.001355. PMID 8011283.

[9] Farr L, Ghosh S, Moonah S (2020). "Role of MIF Cytokine/CD74 Receptor Pathway in Protecting Against Injury and Promoting Repair". Frontiers in Immunology. 11: 1273. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01273. PMC 7325688. PMID 32655566.

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