Enterobacter

Enterobacter
Enterobacter cloacae on trypticase soy agar
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Kingdom: Pseudomonadati
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:
Hormaeche & Edwards 1960
Species

E. asburiae
E. bugandensis
E. cancerogenous
E. chengduensis
E. chinensis
E. chuandaensis
E. cloacae
E. dykesii
E. hormaechei
E. huaxiensis
E. kobei
E. ludwigii
E. mori
E. nematophilus
E. oligotrophicus
E. pasteurii
E. pseudoroggenkampii
E. quasihormaechei
E. quasimori
E. quasiroggenkampii
E. roggenkampii
E. rongchengensis
E. siamensis
E. sichuanensis
E. soli
E. vonholyi
E. wuhouensis
E. soli

Synonyms

Cloaca Castellani & Chalmers, 1919
Aerobacter Hormaeche & Edwards, 1958

Enterobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae. Enterobacter spp. are found in soil, water, sewage, feces and gut environments. It is the type genus of the order Enterobacterales.[1] Several strains of these bacteria are pathogenic and cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (usually hospitalized) hosts and in those who are on mechanical ventilation. The urinary and respiratory tracts are the most common sites of infection. The genus Enterobacter is a member of the coliform group of bacteria. It does not belong to the fecal coliforms (or thermotolerant coliforms) group of bacteria, unlike Escherichia coli, because it is incapable of growth at 44.5 °C in the presence of bile salts. Some of them show quorum sensing properties.[2][3]

One clinically important species from this genus is E. cloacae.

In 2018, researchers detected five strains of Enterobacter bugandensis aboard the International Space Station (ISS) (none pathogenic to humans) and concluded that microbial populations on the ISS should be closely monitored to ensure a medically safe environment for astronauts.[4][5]

  1. ^ Adeolu, M.; et al. (2016). "Genome based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov., Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov". Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 66 (12): 5575–5599. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.001485. PMID 27620848.
  2. ^ Tan, Wen-Si; Muhamad Yunos, Nina Yusrina; Tan, Pui-Wan; Mohamad, Nur Izzati; Adrian, Tan-Guan-Sheng; Yin, Wai-Fong; Chan, Kok-Gan (13 June 2014). "Freshwater-Borne Bacteria Isolated from a Malaysian Rainforest Waterfall Exhibiting Quorum Sensing Properties". Sensors. 14 (6): 10527–10537. Bibcode:2014Senso..1410527T. doi:10.3390/s140610527. PMC 4118381. PMID 24932870.
  3. ^ Cabral, JPS (2010). "Water Microbiology. Bacterial Pathogens and Water". Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 7 (10): 3657–3703. doi:10.3390/ijerph7103657. PMC 2996186. PMID 21139855.
  4. ^ BioMed Central (22 November 2018). "ISS microbes should be monitored to avoid threat to astronaut health". EurekAlert!. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
  5. ^ Singh, Nitin K.; et al. (23 November 2018). "Multi-drug resistant Enterobacter bugandensis species isolated from the International Space Station and comparative genomic analyses with human pathogenic strains". BMC Microbiology. 18 (1): 175. doi:10.1186/s12866-018-1325-2. PMC 6251167. PMID 30466389.
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