Interleukin 24

IL24
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3JVF, 6DF3, 6GG1
Identifiers
Aliases	IL24, C49A, FISP, IL10B, MDA7, MOB5, ST16, IL-24, interleukin 24
External IDs	OMIM: 604136; MGI: 2135548; HomoloGene: 4991; GeneCards: IL24; OMA:IL24 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	206,904,139 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	130,815,191 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	buccal mucosa cell; ; cartilage tissue; ; islet of Langerhans; ; granulocyte; ; testicle; ; spleen; ; blood; ; lymph node; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; appendix;
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; primary oocyte; ; submandibular gland; ; zygote; ; placenta; ; uterus; ; integument; ; skin; ; zone of skin;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; cytokine activity;
Cellular component	extracellular region; extracellular space;
Biological process	cellular response to interleukin-4; negative regulation of cell migration; wound healing; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; apoptotic process; serine phosphorylation of STAT protein; positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein; regulation of signaling receptor activity; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	11009
	93672
	ENSG00000162892
	ENSMUSG00000026420
	Q13007
	Q925S4
	NM_001185156; NM_001185157; NM_001185158; NM_006850; NM_181339
	NM_053095
	NP_001172085; NP_001172086; NP_001172087; NP_006841
	NP_444325
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Interleukin 24 (IL-24) is a protein in the interleukin family, a type of cytokine signaling molecule in the immune system. In humans, this protein is encoded by the IL24 gene.

IL-24 is a cytokine belonging to the IL-10 family of cytokines that signals through two heterodimeric receptors: IL-20R1/IL-20R2 and IL-22R1/IL-20R2. This interleukin is also known as melanoma differentiation-associated 7 (mda-7) due to its discovery as a tumour suppressing protein. IL-24 appears to control cell survival and proliferation by inducing rapid activation of particular transcription factors called STAT1 and STAT3. This cytokine is predominantly released by activated monocytes, macrophages and T helper 2 (Th2) cells^[5] and acts on skin, lung, and reproductive tissues. IL-24 performs important roles in wound healing, arthritis, psoriasis and cancer.^[6]^[7]^[8] Several studies have shown that cell death occurs in cancer cells/cell lines following exposure to IL-24.^[9]^[10] The gene for IL-24 is located on chromosome 1 in humans.^[11]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162892 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026420 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Poindexter NJ, Walch ET, Chada S, Grimm EA (September 2005). "Cytokine induction of interleukin-24 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 78 (3): 745–52. doi:10.1189/jlb.0205116. PMID 16000394. S2CID 1329942.
^ Wang M, Liang P (February 2005). "Interleukin-24 and its receptors". Immunology. 114 (2): 166–70. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2005.02094.x. PMC 1782067. PMID 15667561.
^ Kragstrup TW, Otkjaer K, Holm C, Jørgensen A, Hokland M, Iversen L, Deleuran B (January 2008). "The expression of IL-20 and IL-24 and their shared receptors are increased in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathy" (PDF). Cytokine. 41 (1): 16–23. doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2007.10.004. PMID 18061474.
^ Kragstrup TW, Greisen SR, Nielsen MA, Rhodes C, Stengaard-Pedersen K, Hetland ML, et al. (March 2016). "The interleukin-20 receptor axis in early rheumatoid arthritis: novel links between disease-associated autoantibodies and radiographic progression". Arthritis Research & Therapy. 18 (1) 61. doi:10.1186/s13075-016-0964-7 (inactive 12 July 2025). PMC 4788924. PMID 26968800.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
^ Fisher PB, Gopalkrishnan RV, Chada S, Ramesh R, Grimm EA, Rosenfeld MR, et al. (2003). "mda-7/IL-24, a novel cancer selective apoptosis inducing cytokine gene: from the laboratory into the clinic". Cancer Biology & Therapy. 2 (4 Suppl 1): S23-37. doi:10.4161/cbt.458. PMID 14508078.
^ Sauane M, Lebedeva IV, Su ZZ, Choo HT, Randolph A, Valerie K, et al. (May 2004). "Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 promotes tumor cell-specific apoptosis through both secretory and nonsecretory pathways". Cancer Research. 64 (9): 2988–93. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0200. PMID 15126330.
^ IL24 GeneCard

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162892 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026420 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid16000394-5] Poindexter NJ, Walch ET, Chada S, Grimm EA (September 2005). "Cytokine induction of interleukin-24 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 78 (3): 745–52. doi:10.1189/jlb.0205116. PMID 16000394. S2CID 1329942.

[pmid15667561-6] Wang M, Liang P (February 2005). "Interleukin-24 and its receptors". Immunology. 114 (2): 166–70. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2005.02094.x. PMC 1782067. PMID 15667561.

[7] Kragstrup TW, Otkjaer K, Holm C, Jørgensen A, Hokland M, Iversen L, Deleuran B (January 2008). "The expression of IL-20 and IL-24 and their shared receptors are increased in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathy" (PDF). Cytokine. 41 (1): 16–23. doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2007.10.004. PMID 18061474.

[8] Kragstrup TW, Greisen SR, Nielsen MA, Rhodes C, Stengaard-Pedersen K, Hetland ML, et al. (March 2016). "The interleukin-20 receptor axis in early rheumatoid arthritis: novel links between disease-associated autoantibodies and radiographic progression". Arthritis Research & Therapy. 18 (1) 61. doi:10.1186/s13075-016-0964-7 (inactive 12 July 2025). PMC 4788924. PMID 26968800.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)

[pmid14508078-9] Fisher PB, Gopalkrishnan RV, Chada S, Ramesh R, Grimm EA, Rosenfeld MR, et al. (2003). "mda-7/IL-24, a novel cancer selective apoptosis inducing cytokine gene: from the laboratory into the clinic". Cancer Biology & Therapy. 2 (4 Suppl 1): S23-37. doi:10.4161/cbt.458. PMID 14508078.

[pmid15126330-10] Sauane M, Lebedeva IV, Su ZZ, Choo HT, Randolph A, Valerie K, et al. (May 2004). "Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 promotes tumor cell-specific apoptosis through both secretory and nonsecretory pathways". Cancer Research. 64 (9): 2988–93. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0200. PMID 15126330.

[11] IL24 GeneCard

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]