Low-dose naltrexone

Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) refers to daily naltrexone dosages that are roughly one-tenth or less of the standard opioid addiction treatment dosage. Most published research suggests a daily dosage of 4.5 mg, but this can vary by a few milligrams.[1] Low-dose naltrexone has been studied for the treatment of multiple chronic pain disorders including fibromyalgia, multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease, Long COVID, and complex regional pain syndrome.[2]

Naltrexone is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for medication-assisted treatment of alcoholism and opioid use disorders.[3] Bernard Bihari's initial off-label usage of naltrexone in doses ranging from 1.5 mg to 3 mg as an adjuvant therapy for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the 1980s led to the introduction of LDN into clinical practice.[4] Due to a lack of large-scale clinical trials and standardized research aimed at determining appropriate indications for LDN, it has remained an off-label option.[5]

  1. ^ Younger J, Parkitny L, McLain D (15 February 2014). "The use of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) as a novel anti-inflammatory treatment for chronic pain". Clinical Rheumatology. 33 (4). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 451–459. doi:10.1007/s10067-014-2517-2. ISSN 0770-3198. PMC 3962576. PMID 24526250.
  2. ^ Kim PS, Fishman MA (2020). "Low-Dose Naltrexone for Chronic Pain: Update and Systemic Review". Current Pain and Headache Reports. 24 (10): 64. doi:10.1007/s11916-020-00898-0. ISSN 1531-3433. PMID 32845365.
  3. ^ Sudakin D (6 November 2015). "Naltrexone: Not Just for Opioids Anymore". Journal of Medical Toxicology. 12 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 71–75. doi:10.1007/s13181-015-0512-x. ISSN 1556-9039. PMC 4781804. PMID 26546222.
  4. ^ Bihari B (2013). "Bernard Bihari, MD: low-dose naltrexone for normalizing immune system function". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 19 (2): 56–65. ISSN 1078-6791. PMID 23594453.
  5. ^ Toljan K, Vrooman B (21 September 2018). "Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)—Review of Therapeutic Utilization". Medical Sciences. 6 (4). MDPI AG: 82. doi:10.3390/medsci6040082. ISSN 2076-3271. PMC 6313374. PMID 30248938.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.