Potassium chloride (medical use)
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| Pronunciation | poe tass' i um klor' ide |
| Trade names | Kay-Cee-L, Slow-K, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Professional Drug Facts |
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| Routes of administration | By mouth, intravenous |
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| Formula | ClK |
| Molar mass | 74.55 g·mol−1 |
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Potassium chloride, also known as potassium salt, is used as a medication to treat and prevent low blood potassium.[1] Low blood potassium may occur due to vomiting, diarrhea, or certain medications.[2] The concentrated version should be diluted before use.[1] It is given by slow injection into a vein or by mouth.[3]
Side effects may include heart problems if given too quickly by injection into a vein.[3] By mouth it can result in abdominal pain, peptic ulcer disease, or gastrointestinal bleeding.[3] Greater care is recommended in those with kidney problems.[1] As long as high blood potassium does not occur, use in pregnancy or breastfeeding is believed to be safe for the baby.[4] Generally, the strength of the formulation for injection into a vein should not be greater than 40 mmol/L (3 mg/L).[3]
Potassium chloride came into large scale commercial use as a fertilizer in 1861 and has been used medically since the 1950s.[5][6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7] Potassium chloride is available as a generic medication.[3] In 2022, it was the 35th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 16 million prescriptions.[8][9]
- ^ a b c World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 491. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ "Potassium chloride medical facts from Drugs.com". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
- ^ a b c d e British national formulary : BNF 69 (69 ed.). British Medical Association. 2015. pp. 680, 684. ISBN 9780857111562.
- ^ "Klor-Con M - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2017.
- ^ Velde P, Barré P (2009). "Man and Agriculture: Manipulating Soil – Plant Interactions". Soils, Plants and Clay Minerals: Mineral and Biologic Interactions. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 275. ISBN 9783642034992. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017.
- ^ BNA's Patent, Trademark & Copyright Journal. Bureau of National Affairs, Incorporated. 1991. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017.
Potassium chloride, used since the 1950s for the treatment of potassium depletion in humans
- ^ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
- ^ "Potassium Chloride Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 7 October 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.