Acid–base extraction

Acids and bases
Acid types
Base types

Acid–base extraction is a subclass of liquid–liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds.[1] It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds[2] and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities. A separatory funnel is commonly used to perform an acid-base extraction.[3]

Acid-base extraction utilizes the difference in solubility of a compound in its acid or base form to induce separation.[4] Typically, the desired compound is changed into its charged acid or base form, causing it to become soluble in aqueous solution and thus be extracted from the non-aqueous (organic) layer.[5] Acid-base extraction is a simple alternative to more complex methods like chromatography. It is not possible to separate chemically similar acids or bases using this simple method.[6]

  1. ^ "Acid-Base Extraction". Chemistry LibreTexts. 2013-10-03. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  2. ^ Xu, Bo; Hammond, Gerald B. (17 October 2014). "Rapid Chemical Reaction Workup Based on a Rigid Solvent Extraction". Organic Letters. 16 (20): 5238–5241. doi:10.1021/ol501418t. PMID 25296390.
  3. ^ "Extraction in Theory and Practice (Part I)". www.chem.ucla.edu. Retrieved 2022-10-11.
  4. ^ Assadieskandar, Amir; Rezende Miranda, Renata; Broyer, Rebecca M. (12 May 2020). "Visually Tracking Acid–Base Extractions Using Colorful Compounds". Journal of Chemical Education. 97 (5): 1402–1405. Bibcode:2020JChEd..97.1402A. doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00196.
  5. ^ "7.5: Aqueous Solutions and Solubility - Compounds Dissolved in Water". Chemistry LibreTexts. 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2022-10-22.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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