Cyclooxygenase-2

PTGS2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	5F1A, 5F19, 5IKQ, 5IKT, 5IKV, 5IKR
Identifiers
Aliases	PTGS2, COX-2, COX2, GRIPGHS, PGG/HS, PGHS-2, PHS-2, hCox-2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 600262; MGI: 97798; HomoloGene: 31000; GeneCards: PTGS2; OMA:PTGS2 - orthologs
EC number	1.14.99.1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	186,680,922 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	149,983,978 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	seminal vesicula; ; cartilage tissue; ; mucosa of urinary bladder; ; beta cell; ; periodontal fiber; ; vena cava; ; visceral pleura; ; saphenous vein; ; mucosa of paranasal sinus; ; gallbladder;
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; decidua; ; gastrula; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; dentate gyrus; ; cumulus cell; ; endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; right lung lobe; ; calvaria; ; subdivision of hippocampus;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity; metal ion binding; heme binding; enzyme binding; oxidoreductase activity; protein homodimerization activity; dioxygenase activity; protein binding; peroxidase activity; prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity; oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen; transferase activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; endoplasmic reticulum lumen; membrane; caveola; neuron projection; organelle membrane; endoplasmic reticulum; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	response to fructose; learning; response to organic substance; lipoxygenase pathway; cellular response to mechanical stimulus; response to manganese ion; angiogenesis; cellular response to hypoxia; embryo implantation; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; response to cytokine; negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction; memory; response to oxidative stress; maintenance of blood-brain barrier; response to lithium ion; response to tumor necrosis factor; fatty acid biosynthetic process; positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic; positive regulation of vasoconstriction; response to organonitrogen compound; inflammatory response; positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction; bone mineralization; response to fatty acid; response to vitamin D; cellular response to UV; positive regulation of fever generation; cellular response to fluid shear stress; positive regulation of synaptic plasticity; regulation of blood pressure; response to lipopolysaccharide; positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor production; regulation of inflammatory response; brown fat cell differentiation; sensory perception of pain; response to radiation; prostaglandin biosynthetic process; cellular response to ATP; ovulation; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; hair cycle; response to estradiol; positive regulation of cell death; positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis; response to organic cyclic compound; lipid metabolism; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; response to glucocorticoid; cyclooxygenase pathway; fatty acid metabolic process; positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production; decidualization; regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; negative regulation of calcium ion transport; positive regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production; positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production; positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation; negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic; cellular oxidant detoxification; ageing; NAD biosynthesis via nicotinamide riboside salvage pathway; cellular response to heat; positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; negative regulation of apoptotic process; negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process; cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress; negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress; cellular response to lead ion; response to angiotensin; prostaglandin metabolic process; positive regulation of protein import into nucleus; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process; negative regulation of cell cycle; regulation of neuroinflammatory response;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5743
	19225
	ENSG00000073756
	ENSMUSG00000032487
	P35354
	Q05769
	NM_000963
	NM_011198
	NP_000954
	NP_035328
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), also known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (HUGO PTGS2), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGS2 gene.^[5] In humans it is one of three cyclooxygenases. It is involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H₂, an important precursor of prostacyclin, which is expressed in inflammation.

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000073756 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032487 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Hla T, Neilson K (August 1992). "Human cyclooxygenase-2 cDNA". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (16): 7384–7388. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.7384H. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.16.7384. PMC 49714. PMID 1380156.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000073756 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032487 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid1380156-5] Hla T, Neilson K (August 1992). "Human cyclooxygenase-2 cDNA". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (16): 7384–7388. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.7384H. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.16.7384. PMC 49714. PMID 1380156.

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