Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1

SERPINE1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1A7C, 1B3K, 1C5G, 1DB2, 1DVM, 1DVN, 1LJ5, 1OC0, 3CVM, 3EOX, 3PB1, 3Q02, 3Q03, 3R4L, 3UT3, 4AQH, 4G8O, 4G8R, 4IC0, 9PAI, 5BRR,%%s1C5G
Identifiers
Aliases	SERPINE1, PAI, PAI-1, PAI1, PLANH1, serpin family E member 1
External IDs	OMIM: 173360; MGI: 97608; HomoloGene: 68070; GeneCards: SERPINE1; OMA:SERPINE1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (human)
End	101,139,247 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	137,101,122 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	vena cava; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; decidua; ; saphenous vein; ; ascending aorta; ; gallbladder; ; Descending thoracic aorta; ; pericardium; ; tibial arteries; ; right coronary artery;
	Top expressed in
	endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; decidua; ; tunica media of zone of aorta; ; gastrula; ; ascending aorta; ; calvaria; ; aortic valve; ; muscle of thigh; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	peptidase inhibitor activity; protease binding; protein binding; signaling receptor binding; serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity;
Cellular component	extracellular matrix; plasma membrane; extracellular exosome; platelet alpha granule lumen; extracellular region; extracellular space; collagen-containing extracellular matrix;
Biological process	negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process; positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis; negative regulation of peptidase activity; negative regulation of fibrinolysis; positive regulation of inflammatory response; negative regulation of plasminogen activation; fibrinolysis; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion; negative regulation of blood coagulation; negative regulation of vascular wound healing; regulation of signaling receptor activity; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis; platelet degranulation; extracellular matrix organization; positive regulation of angiogenesis; negative regulation of cell migration; positive regulation of blood coagulation; defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors; circadian rhythm; angiogenesis; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; negative regulation of wound healing; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; negative regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; negative regulation of endopeptidase activity; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; positive regulation of leukotriene production involved in inflammatory response; replicative senescence; dentinogenesis; positive regulation of odontoblast differentiation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5054
	18787
	ENSG00000106366
	ENSMUSG00000037411
	P05121
	P22777
	NM_001165413; NM_000602
	NM_008871
	NP_000593; NP_000593.1
	NP_032897
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) also known as endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor (serpin E1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SERPINE1 gene. Elevated PAI-1 is a risk factor for thrombosis and atherosclerosis.^[5]

PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) that functions as the principal inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). It is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) protein (SERPINE1).

The other PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) is secreted by the placenta and only present in significant amounts during pregnancy. In addition, protease nexin acts as an inhibitor of tPA and urokinase. PAI-1, however, is the main inhibitor of the plasminogen activators.

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000106366 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000037411 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Vaughan DE (August 2005). "PAI-1 and atherothrombosis". Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 3 (8): 1879–1883. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01420.x. PMID 16102055. S2CID 6651339.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000106366 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000037411 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid16102055-5] Vaughan DE (August 2005). "PAI-1 and atherothrombosis". Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 3 (8): 1879–1883. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01420.x. PMID 16102055. S2CID 6651339.

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